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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 28.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Epidemiol. 2011 Nov 1;65(1):10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.07.006. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.07.006

Table 3.

Main path articles in the vitamin E example

Study Title Journal Design References madea Citations receiveda
Stahelin, 1984 [98] Cancer, vitamins, and plasma lipids: prospective Basel study JNCI OBS 0 5
Gey, 1987 [99] Plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins in relation to ischemic heart disease and cancer AJCN Review 1 24
Rimm, 1993 [26] Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men NEJM OBS 3 101
Hodis, 1995 [100] Serial coronary angiographic evidence that antioxidant vitamin intake reduces progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis JAMA OBS 3 21
Stephens, 1996 [56] Randomized controlled trial of vitamin E in patients with coronary disease: Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study (CHAOS) Lancet RCT 4 70
Ogunyankin, 1996 [101] Vitamin E and coronary heart disease Lancet Letter 1 1
Rapola, 1997 [9] Randomized trial of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplements on incidence of major coronary events in men with previous myocardial infarction Lancet RCT 7 22
Leppala, 2000 [102] Controlled trial of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplements on stroke incidence and mortality in male smokers Arterio-scler Thromb Vasc Biol RCT 6 8
Boaz, 2000 [57] Secondary prevention with antioxidants of cardiovascular disease in end-stage renal disease: randomized placebo-controlled trial Lancet RCT 4 15
Muntwyler, 2002 [103] Vitamin supplement use in a low-risk population of US male physicians and subsequent cardiovascular mortality Arch Intern Med OBS 11 4
Satia-About, 2003 [104] Dietary supplement use and medical conditions: the VITAL study Am J Prev Med OBS 5 1
Miller, 2005 [105] Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality Ann Intern Med SR/MA 11 17
Lee, 2005 [61] Vitamin E in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: the Women’s Health Study: a randomized controlled trial JAMA RCT 19 7
Bardia, 2008 [106] Efficacy of antioxidant supplementation in reducing primary cancer incidence and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis Mayo Clin Proc SR/MA 13 2
Bjelakovic, 2008 [107] Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases Cochrane Database Syst Rev SR/MA 92 2
Sesso, 2008 [10] Vitamins E and C in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in men: the Physicians’ Health Study II randomized controlled trial JAMA RCT 23 1
Lin, 2009 [108] Vitamins C and E and beta-carotene supplementation and cancer risk: a randomized controlled trial JNCI RCT 7 1
Pocobelli, 2009 [72] Use of supplements of multivitamins, vitamin C, and vitamin E in relation to mortality Am J Epidemiol OBS 15 0

Abbreviations: AJCN, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association; JNCI, Journal of the national Cancer Institute; Lab, laboratory study; OBS, observational study; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SR/MA, systematic review/meta-analysis.

a

The counts in the last two columns refer to references made to other articles in the corpus and citations received from other articles in the corpus, respectively.