Table 5.
Physical Function and Life Participation Outcome Measures and Study Results: HD versus Tx
| Study; Design | Outcome Measure | HD | Tx | Statistical Results | Treatment Favored | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Estimate* | N | Estimate* | Reported P** | Effect Size^ | Calculated CI**** | |||
| Physical Function | |||||||||
| Alavi; 2009; CS | Nottingham Extended ADL | 63 | 31.7 | 100 | 51.4 | 0.00 | −1.62 | (−23.6, −15.8) | TX |
| Basok; 2009 (CS) | SF-36 Physical Functioning | 24 | 62.27 | 20 | 77.78 | N/R | −0.73 | (−28.4, −2.6) | TX |
| Fujisawa; 2000 (CS) | SF-36 Physical Functioning | 114 | 81.6 | 117 | 86.2 | <0.05 | −0.29 | (−8.7, −0.5) | TX |
| Khan; 1995 (CS) | SF-36 Physical Functioning | 43 | 46.35 | 102 | 67.51 | <0.05 | −0.36 | ---- | TX |
| Khan; 1995 (CS) | SF-36 Role Physical | 43 | 51.09 | 102 | 63.22 | <0.05 | −0.36 | ---- | TX |
| Koch; 1990 (CS) | Satisfaction with life questions | 290 | 0.51## | 761 | 0.18## | N/R | 0.86 | (0.7, 1.0) | TX |
| Kontodimopoulos; 2008 (CS) | SF-36 (Greek) Physical Functioning | 642 | 49.2 | 167 | 72.9 | <0.001 | −0.83 | (−28.6, −18.8) | TX |
| Kontodimopoulos 2008 (CS) | SF-36 (Greek) Role Physical | 642 | 40.3 | 167 | 62.6 | <0.001 | −0.51 | (−29.8, −14.8) | TX |
| Lee; 2005 (CS) | SF-36 Physical Functioning | 99 | 26.5 | 209 | 56.4 | <0.05 | −0.99 | (−37.1, −22.7) | TX |
| Lee; 2005 (CS) | SF-36 Role Physical | 99 | 60.4 | 209 | 86.7 | <0.05 | −0.76 | (−34.6, −18.0) | TX |
| Niu; 2005 (CS) | WHOQOL-BREF (Taiwan; physical health) | 80 | 11.96 | 80 | 14.34 | <0.05 | −0.99 | (−3.1, −1.6) | TX |
| Ogutmen; 2006 (CS) | SF-36 Role Physical | 64 | 35.71 | 302 | 71.09 | <0.05 | −0.83 | (−47.0, −23.8) | TX |
| Panagopoulou 2009 (CS)*** | Pt-reported full time employment | 40 | 0.05# | 48 | 0.375# | N/R | −1.34 | (−2.2, −0.5) | TX |
| Sayin; 2007 (CS) | SF-36 Physical Functioning | 75 | 55.90 | 20 | 68.75 | N/R | −0.51 | (−25.5, −0.2) | TX |
| Simmons; 1990 (CS) | Author-scale physical well-being score | 83 | 14.04 | 91 | 17.55 | <0.01 | −0.99 | (−4.6, −2.4) | TX |
| Tomasz; 2003 (CS) | WHOQOL-100 | 61 | 12.28 | 83 | 13.3 | <0.05 | −0.37 | (−1.9, −0.1) | TX |
| Van den Ham; 2005 (CS) | Symptom-limited graded cycle-ergometry test (ie, exercise test) | 16 | 6.2 | 35 | 7.2 | <0.05 | −0.67 | (−1.9, −0.1) | TX |
| Jofre; 1998; (Pre-Post) | Sickness Impact Profile | 93 | 5.5 | 93 | 3.6 | <0.01 | 0.29 | (0.0, 3.8) | TX |
| Baiardi; 2002(CS)*** | SF-36 Physical Functioning | 171 | 59.3 | 34 | 64.6 | N/R | −0.19 | (−15.7, 5.1) | ---- |
| Basok; 2009 (CS) | SF-36 Role Physical | 24 | 58.83 | 20 | 60 | N/R | −0.04 | (−26.6, 23.3) | --- |
| Devins; 1990 (CS)** | Author-scale (difficulties daily living) | 39 | 2 | 34 | 1.7 | NS | 0.17 | (−0.5, 1.1) | --- |
| Fujisawa; 2000 (CS) | SF-36 Role Physical | 114 | 68 | 117 | 77.6 | NS | −0.26 | (−19.2, 0.0) | --- |
| Ogutmen; 2006 (CS) | SF-36 Physical Functioning | 64 | 56.99 | 302 | 59.92 | NS | −0.11 | (−10.2, 4.4) | --- |
| Panagopoulou; 2009 (CS)*** | Pt-reported part time employment | 40 | 0.15# | 48 | 0.19# | N/R | −0.16 | (−0.8, 0.5) | --- |
| Pietrabissa; 1992 (CS) | Physical well-being scale developed by Simmons et al. (summary score) | 172 | 12.38 | 71 | 11.81 | NS | 0.28 | ---- | --- |
| Sayin; 2007 (CS) | SF-36 Role Physical | 75 | 40.69 | 20 | 42.50 | N/R | −0.05 | (−20.7, 17.1) | ---- |
| Recreation | |||||||||
| Hart; 1987 (CS) | Sickness Impact Profile (recreation/pastimes) | 343 | 23.7 | 146 | 9 | N/R | ---- | ---- | TX |
| Kontodimopoulos 2008 (CS) | SF-36 (Greek) Social Functioning | 642 | 58.1 | 167 | 72.4 | <0.001 | −0.49 | (−19.3, −9.3) | TX |
| Simmons; 1990 (CS) | Author-developed scale (recreation) | 83 | 2.24 | 91 | 2.86 | <0.05 | −0.67 | (−0.9, −0.3) | TX |
| Basok; 2009 (CS) | SF-36 Social Functioning | 24 | 68.75 | 20 | 64.38 | 0.1 | 0.14 | (−14.6, 23.3) | --- |
| Devins; 1990 (CS)*** | Intrusiveness Ratings Scale (recreation/social) | 39 | 2.5 | 34 | 2 | NS | 0.32 | (−0.2, 1.0) | --- |
| Sayin; 2007 (CS) | SF-36 Social Functioning | 75 | 62.62 | 20 | 57.93 | 0.5 | 0.18 | (−8.5, 17.9) | ---- |
| Tomasz; 2003 (CS) | WHOQOL-100 (environment) | 61 | 11.93 | 83 | 12.43 | NS | −0.26 | (−1.1, 0.1) | --- |
| Freedom | |||||||||
| Barendse; 2005(CS) | Renal Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire | 35 | 4.3 | 46 | 5.7 | <0.05 | −1.12 | (−2.0, −0.8) | TX |
| Bremer; 1989 (CS) | Index of Well-Being (tied-down, free) | 105 | 4.2 | 166 | 5.3 | <0.05 | −0.55 | (−1.6, −0.6) | TX |
| Lee; 2005 (CS) | EQ-5D (usual activities) | 99 | 18.09 | 209 | 54.95 | <0.05 | −0.94 | (−1.3, −0.6) | TX |
| Simmons; 1990 (CS) | Author-developed scale (doing most things) | 83 | 5.17 | 91 | 5.78 | <0.05 | −0.83 | (−0.8, −0.4) | TX |
| Work | |||||||||
| Devins; 1990 (CS)*** | Intrusiveness Ratings Scale (work/finances) | 39 | 4 | 34 | 2.1 | <0.05 | 1.03 | (1.0, 2.8) | TX |
| Evans; 1985 (CS) | Patient reported ability to work | 347 | 44.8# | 144 | 62.3# | N/R | −0.39 | (−0.6, −0.2) | TX |
| Hart; 1987 (CS) | Sickness Impact Profile (work) | 338 | 45 | 144 | 28.4 | N/R | ---- | ---- | TX |
| Tomasz; 2003 (CS) | WHOQOL-100 (working capacity) | 61 | 10.4 | 83 | 12.18 | <0.05 | −0.46 | (−3.1, −0.5) | TX |
| Lee; 2005 (CS) | KDQOL (work status) | 99 | 20 | 209 | 46.8 | <0.05 | −0.65 | (−36.7, −16.9) | TX |
| Simmons; 1990 (CS) | Author-developed scale (job satisfaction) | 83 | 2.18 | 91 | 2.66 | <0.01 | −0.44 | (−0.8, −0.1) | TX |
Calculated Cohen’s d.
Estimates are means unless otherwise noted.
Author-reported p-values.
Percentage.
Percentage with low satisfaction with physical performance.
denotes studies were originally designed as longitudinal cohort but authors only reported cross-sectional assessments of relevant outcomes
We calculated the confidence interval for the Cohen’s d effect size difference for studies that reported all of the needed estimates (e.g., means plus standard deviations) We reported ‘---‘ for studies that we could not calculate the confidence intervals for due to missing estimates.
Abbreviations and definitions: ADL, activities of daily living; CS, cross sectional study design; Pre-Post, pre-post transplantation; NS, not statistically significantly different at P>0.05 level; NR, not reported within article; Pt, patient; Pts, patients; CI, confidence interval; HD, hemodialysis; KDQOL, Kidney Disease Quality of Life scale; SF-36, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey; WHOQOL, World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument; BREF, short version, Tx, transplantation