Table 2.

Broad classification of polypharmacological methods.

Methodology	Description	Reference
Systems biology/pharmacology approaches	Uses experimental and computational approaches to have the systems-level understanding of diseases and both the therapeutic and adverse mechanisms of drug actions.	[16,17,23,41]
Side-effect similarity	Drugs/Targets are mapped based on phenotypic side-effect similarities.	[59][55]
Similarity ensemble approach (SEA)	Relates proteins based on the set-wise chemical similarity among their ligands. It can be used to rapidly search large compound databases and to build cross-target similarity maps.	[54,55]
Knowledge based approach	Form the associations and depict as a network between various biomolecules stored in various databases.	[7,13,19,22,64]
Text mining tools	Text mining tools were used to dig the mapping information from literature and public databases	[65-68]
Docking/Inverse docking	Docking a ligand against several targets	[10,60-62,69]