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. 2013 Oct 28;8(10):e77715. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077715

Figure 3. GDNF is indispensable but can be reduced in the presence of KSR.

Figure 3

(A) Growth curves of SSCs under reduced cytokine conditions (left panel), summarized in the table (right panel). The number of SSCs was counted at the indicated weeks, and the cell counts are presented as means ± s.d. from three independent experiments. No proliferation was observed in Null condition. The calculated doubling times are also shown in the table (right panel). N.D., not determined due to inefficient proliferation. (B) Relative mRNA expression levels of undifferentiated spermatogonial markers (Gfra1, Etv5and Neurog3) and differentiating/differentiated spermatogonial markers (c-Kit and Stra8) were examined at 12 hours after the medium change from the full cytokine conditions to the indicated conditions. RA48 cells are differentiated SSCs treated with retinoic acid for 48 hours. Data are presented as means ± s.d. from three independent experiments. The Y-axis indicates relative expression level to the value of Full, set to 1 for each group.