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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 28.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Biol. 2013 Jan 24;23(4):10.1016/j.cub.2012.12.038. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.12.038

Figure 4. Summary Diagram for the Neural Mechanisms for the Switch from CO2 Aversion to Attraction.

Figure 4

Gr21a and Gr63a are required for mediating aversion to low concentrations of CO2, whereas Ir64 mediates aversion to high concentrations of CO2 in walking flies. A flight-induced increase in octopamine could confer CO2 sensitivity to a novel Orco-dependent olfactory receptor that along with activation of Ir64a mediates CO2 attraction during flight.