Table 2.

Characteristics of 784 non-diabetic participants at baseline and at 5-year follow-up in the IRAS

	Baseline	Follow-up	Change	% change	p-value
MCRI (l/min)	5.28 (3.92, 7.10)	3.67 (2.87, 4.80)	−1.47 (−2.91, −0.34)	−29.4	<0.0001
BMI (kg/m2)	27.3 (24.9, 30.5)	28.1 (25.3, 31.5)	0.72 (−0.36, 1.74)	2.67	<0.0001
WC (cm)	90.0 (81.3, 97.8)	92.3 (83.9, 99.9)	2.7 (−0.5, 5.9)	3.10	<0.0001
Systolic BP (mmHg)	121 (110, 133)	118 (107, 130)	−2 (−8, 3)	−1.85	<0.0001
TG (mg/dl)	111 (79, 159)	112 (79, 162)	−1 (−26, 29)	−1.12	0.98
HDL (mg/dl)	44 (36, 55)	46 (38, 58)	2 (−3, 7)	4.50	<0.0001
FBG (mg/dl)	97 (91, 105)	98 (91, 109)	2.5 (−3.5, 8.8)	2.35	<0.0001
AIR (μU/ml)	51 (29, 86)	65 (35, 105)	10 (−8, 36)	22.7	<0.0001
SI (×10−4 min−1 [μU/l]−1)	1.64 (0.94, 2.94)	1.02 (0.52, 1.73)	−0.6 (−1.43, 0)	−43.6	<0.0001
Current smoker (%)	126 (14.0)	91 (10.1)	−35 (−3.9)	−27.9	<0.0001
Energy expenditure (kcal/kg/day)	38.5 (35.6, 43.3)	37.1 (34.8, 41.8)	−0.68 (−3.96, 2.62)	−1.78	0.0006

Data presented are medians (interquartile range) or n (%)