PLK inhibition is tumor suppressive in vivo. A syngeneic rat orthotopic model of CCA (BDEneu cells; Fischer 344 rats) was employed for this study. In BI 6727-treated (3 injections of 10 mg/kg b.w. IPy every other day; first injection: postoperative day 7; third injection: postoperative day 11) or vehicle-treated rats tumor/liver/body weight and extrahepatic metastasis were assessed 13 days after tumor cell implantation into the left lateral liver lobe. (A and B) Representative photomicrographs display explanted livers (left upper), gross pathological tumor appearance within livers (right upper), extirpated tumors with scale (left lower), and abdominal cavity (right lower) of vehicle-treated (A) or BI 6727-treated (B) rats (arrows indicate liver tumors and arrowheads extrahepatic metastases). (C–E) Changes in tumor weight (C), tumor/liver weight ratios (D), and tumor/body weight ratios (E) are depicted as bar graphs. Mean±SEM; n=9. (F) Stacked column plot indicates numbers of animals with and without extrahepatic metastases for vehicle-treated and BI 6727-treated groups (P<0.05 by chi-square test).