Inactivation of Cdc42 caused EC apoptosis. (A through F) TUNEL assays (A and B) and PECAM-1 staining (C and D) were performed on E9.5 control (A, C, and E) and CEKO (B, D, and F) embryos. (E and F) Merged images. Bars, 25 μm. (G) Cdc42flox/flox ECs were infected by Ad-LacZ or by Ad-Cre with or without HA-tagged wild-type Cdc42. Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blotting using various antibodies, as indicated. (H and I) The relative intensities of cleaved caspase 3 (H) and Cdc42 (I) were analyzed quantitatively for three independent experiments. *, P < 0.05.