Table 2.
Grade of urgency for all emergency caesarean sections and primary indication for caesarean section (n=17 780). Values are numbers (percentages) of women
|
Grade of urgency
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary indication for caesarean section | Grade 1: immediate threat to life of woman or fetus (n=4622) | Grade 2: maternal or fetal compromise not immediately life threatening (n=9122) | Grade 3: no maternal or fetal compromise but early delivery needed (n=3689) | Missing data (n=347) | All emergency caesarean sections (n=17 780) |
| Fetal | |||||
| Failure to progress | 330 (7.1) | 3471 (38.0) | 1848 (50.1) | 123 (35.4) | 5772 (32.5) |
| Breech presentation | 50 (1.1) | 360 (3.9) | 676 (18.3) | 34 (9.8) | 1120 (6.3) |
| Malpresentation or unstable lie | 80 (1.7) | 302 (3.3) | 154 (4.2) | 11 (3.2) | 547 (3.1) |
| Presumed fetal compromise, intrauterine growth retardation, or abnormal cardiotocogram | 3047 (65.9) | 3097 (33.9) | 23 (0.6) | 87 (25.1) | 6254 (35.2) |
| Cord prolapse | 137 (3.0) | 4 (0.0) | 0 | 1 (0.3) | 142 (0.8) |
| Chorioamnionitis | 14 (0.3) | 46 (0.5) | 7 (0.2) | 1 (0.3) | 68 (0.4) |
| Other | 115 (2.5) | 219 (2.4) | 61 (1.6) | 9 (2.6) | 404 (2.3) |
| Maternal | |||||
| Placenta praevia | |||||
| Actively bleeding | 117 (2.5) | 107 (1.2) | 24 (0.6) | 6 (1.7) | 254 (1.4) |
| Not actively bleeding | 50 (1.1) | 118 (1.3) | 23 (0.6) | 6 (1.7) | 197 (1.1) |
| Antepartum or intrapartum haemorrhage | 132 (2.9) | 108 (1.2) | 27 (0.7) | 1 (0.3) | 268 (1.5) |
| Placental abruption | 217 (4.7) | 52 (0.6) | 3 (0.1) | 4 (1.1) | 276 (1.5) |
| Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, or HELLP | 203 (4.4) | 350 (3.8) | 26 (0.7) | 3 (0.9) | 582 (3.3) |
| Maternal medical disease | 31 (0.7) | 157 (1.7) | 52 (1.4) | 3 (0.9) | 243 (1.4) |
| Previous caesarean section | 22 (0.5) | 156 (1.7) | 322 (8.7) | 11 (3.2) | 511 (2.9) |
| Uterine rupture | 31 (0.7) | 11 (0.1) | 4 (0.1) | 0 | 46 (0.3) |
| Maternal request | 11 (0.2) | 86 (0.9) | 206 (5.6) | 7 (2.0) | 310 (1.7) |
| Previous poor obstetric outcome | 2 (0.0) | 15 (0.2) | 15 (0.4) | 1 (0.3) | 33 (0.2) |
| Previous physically or emotionally traumatic vaginal delivery | 3 (0.1) | 17 (0.2) | 31 (0.8) | 3 (0.9) | 54 (0.3) |
| Previous infertility | 0 | 2 (0.0) | 2 (0.0) | 0 | 4 (0.0) |
| Other | 23 (0.5) | 155 (1.7) | 81 (2.2) | 6 (1.7) | 265 (1.5) |
| Missing data | 7 (0.1) | 289 (3.2) | 104 (2.8) | 30 (8.6) | 430 (2.4) |
HELLP=haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count syndrome.