Table 1.
Participant Characteristics
| CPC cohorta |
MP cohorta |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetics | Controls | Diabetics | Controls | |||
| n = 62 | n =51 | Pb | n = 48 | n = 48 | Pa | |
| Demographic characteristics | ||||||
| Age, years | 67 (58, 73) | 59 (55, 68) | 0.019 | 66 (59, 72) | 59 (55, 67) | 0.010 |
| Female, n (%) | 26 (42) | 32 (63) | 0.037 | 19 (40) | 30 (63) | 0.041 |
| Black or African- | 33 (53) | 12 (24) | 0.002 | 26 (54) | 12 (25) | 0.006 |
| American, n (%) | ||||||
| Smoking status, n (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Current | 14 (23) | 0(0) | 11 (23) | 0(0) | ||
| Former | 38 (61) | 18 (35) | 30 (63) | 16 (33) | ||
| Never | 10 (16) | 33 (65) | 7(15) | 32 (67) | ||
| Regular exercise, n (%) | 34 (55) | 42 (82) | <0.001 | 26 (54) | 38 (79) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, (kg/m2) | 30 (27, 36) | 24 (23, 26) | <0.001 | 31 (27, 36) | 24 (23, 26) | <0.001 |
| Tonsillectomy, n (%) | 21 (34) | 25 (49) | 0.13 | 17 (35) | 24 (50) | 0.22 |
| Laboratory values | ||||||
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | ||||||
| Systolic | 136 (120, 150) | 122 (111, 129) | <0.001 | 133 (121, 148) | 122 (111, 131) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic | 78 (70, 85) | 77 (72, 85) | 0.93 | 78 (70, 85) | 77 (72, 86) | 0.80 |
| Cholesterol level (mg/dL) | ||||||
| Total | 154 (126, 201) | 211 (186, 226) | <0.001 | 145 (126, 192) | 211 (185, 225) | <0.001 |
| Low-density lipoprotein | 80 (66, 106) | 127 (117, 148) | <0.001 | 75 (65, 100) | 127 (116, 147) | <0.001 |
| High-density lipoprotein | 38 (32, 48) | 58 (49, 73) | <0.001 | 37 (32, 49) | 59 (49, 74) | <0.001 |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (mg/L) |
2.4 (1.0, 6.8) | 0.9 (0.4, 1.5) | <0.001 | 2.4 (1.0, 7.0) | 0.9(0.4, 1.6) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin Alc (%) | 7.0(6.5, 8.8) | 5.6 (5.5, 5.7) | <0.001 | 7.0 (6.5, 8.7) | 5.6(5.5, 5.7) | <0.001 |
| Absolute lymphocyte count (103 cells/micro liter) |
1.8(1.2, 2.4) | 1.4 (1.2, 1.8) | 0.009 | 1.8 (1.1, 2.2) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.7) | 0.045 |
| Medication use | ||||||
| Antiplatelet, n (%) | 45 (73) | 5(10) | <0.001 | 37 (77) | 3(6) | <0.001 |
| Statin, n(%) | 42 (68) | 0(0) | <0.001 | 35 (73) | 0(0) | <0.001 |
Summaries presented as median (inter-quartile range) unless otherwise noted as n (%).
a
CPC and MP cohorts overlap but differ due to an analysis protocol revision during the study requiring analysis of fresh (rather than frozen) samples for MP assessment.
b
P values obtained from Wilcoxon rank-sum tests or Fisher’s exact tests, as appropriate.