Figure 1.

Effects of atrazine exposure on the survival of Cuban tree frogs (Osteopilus septentrionalis). Atrazine exposure occurred (a) early or (b) later in tadpole development (windows 1 and 2, respectively). To test for short-term and long-term effects of atrazine on disease resistance, exposure to inocula with or without the pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) occurred either immediately after the atrazine exposure (immediate) or after frog metamorphosis (post-metamorphosis), which was a mean of 46-days after the last day of atrazine exposure. Shown are means ± 95% CIs (n = 5).