Figure 1.

Evolution of floral scent sexual dimorphism in Phyllantheae. (a) A female Epicephala moth (i) collecting pollen grains on a male flower and (ii) pollinating a female flower of G. lanceolatum. (iii) Male flowers and (iv) female flowers of Flueggea suffruticosa, the latter of which is visited by a honeybee. (b) Phylogenetic relationships of the 11 Phyllanthaceae species sampled in this study. The phylogeny is based on the maximum-likelihood tree from a previous study [12]. Numbers in circles represent species numbers in figure 2. Green indicates Epicephala-pollinated species and yellow indicates non-Epicephala-pollinated species.