TABLE 1.

Summary of Reported Cases of CMV Associated With NEC

Ref	Gestational Age (wk)	Weight (g)	Clinical Presentation	Breast Milk Given	Operative Findings	Histopathology	Other Clinical Features	GCV
3	29	1490	Vomiting, distended abdomen, lethargy	Yes	Stricture in ascending and transverse colon	Ulcerating and granulating inflammation of colonic mucosa	None	No
4	Term	3500	Fever, diarrhea, distended abdomen, hepatosplenomegaly	No	Ileal perforation	Ileal perforation, transmural inflammation and granulation tissue formation	None	No
5	34	2695	Distended abdomen	NA	Colonic strictures	Severe colitis with mucosal ulceration and transmural acute and chronic inflammation	None	No
6	36	NA	Distended abdomen	NA	Ileal ulceration	Ileal ulcer with inflammatory changes	Hearing impairment	No
7	33	2200	Vomiting, distended abdomen	NA	Stricture of descending colon	Ischemic colonic stricture	Hearing impairment	No
8	37	2490	Distended abdomen, biliary vomiting mimicking Hirschsprung disease	Yes	Stricture at colon-sigmoid junction	Inflammatory colonic stricture with vasculitis, endothelialitis, mucosal ulceration covered by fibrinopurulent exudate	Chorioretinitis	Yes
9	30	NA	Distended abdomen, vomiting	NA	Inflamed ileocecal area, perforated tip of appendix	Ileocecal necrosis with acute and chronic inflammation	None	No
10	27	490	Distended abdomen, pale and mottled skin, temperature instability, tachycardia	Yes	Stricture of ascending and transverse colon	Inflamed, ulcerated cecum and colon with area of full thickness necrosis	None	No
11	28	790	Distended abdomen, hepatosplenomegaly	NA	Stricture of colon	NA	NA	No
	30	990	Distended abdomen, hepatosplenomegaly, sepsis	NA	Colonic ulceration	NA	None	No
12	235/7	580	Vomiting, diarrhea, distended abdomen	Yes	Ileal ulceration	Ileal ulceration and mixed inflammation	None	No
13	37	2490	Biliary vomiting, distended abdomen	Yes	Colonic stricture with multiple ulcers	Colonic stricture with multiple ulcers	Chorioretinitis	Yes
14	274/7	1130	Blood stool	Yes	Distal ileum	NA	None	No
15	251/7	653	Pneumatosis intestinalis	Yes	Fulminant	NA	None	No
16	245/7	800	Distended abdomen	Yes	Jejunum	CMV inclusions; positive viral antigen staining	None	Yes

CMV, cytomegalovirus; GCV, ganciclovir; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis