Table 2.
Comparison of patients' characteristics and outcomes between subgroups
| No Central Review (1) | Central Review (2) | P (2)/(1) | EORTC Centrally Reviewed LGG (3) | EORTC Centrally Reviewed HGG (4) | P (4)/(3) | RTOG/NCCTG Centrally Reviewed LGG (5) | P (5)/(3) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 220) | (n = 428) | (n = 339) | (n = 99) | (n = 450) | ||||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||||
| Age (y) | ||||||||
| Median | 39.2 | 39.3 | .60 | 39.0 | 43.0 | .008 | 40.0 | .07 |
| Range | 16.0–66.4 | 17.2–65.7 | 17.2–65.3 | 18.1–65.7 | 18.0–82.0 | |||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 122 (55.5) | 264 (61.7) | .13 | 214 (63.1) | 41 (59.4) | .59 | 259 (57.6) | .12 |
| Female | 98 (44.5) | 164 (38.3) | 125 (36.9) | 28 (40.6) | 191 (42.4) | |||
| History of seizure | ||||||||
| No | 143 (65.0) | 304 (71.0) | .10 | 235 (69.3) | 54 (78.3) | .19 | 101 (22.4) | <.0001 |
| Yes | 77 (35.0) | 121 (28.3) | 101 (29.8) | 15 (21.7) | 98 (21.8) | |||
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.7) | 3 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 251 (55.8) | |||
| Headache | ||||||||
| No | 181 (82.3) | 334 (78.0) | .30 | 267 (78.8) | 53 (76.8) | .63 | 143 (31.8) | .06 |
| Yes | 39 (17.7) | 91 (21.3) | 69 (20.4) | 16 (23.2) | 56 (12.4) | |||
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.7) | 3 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 251 (55.8) | |||
| Mental disturbance | ||||||||
| No | 184 (83.6) | 347 (81.1) | .51 | 277 (81.7) | 52 (75.4) | .18 | 178 (39.6) | .03 |
| Yes | 35 (15.9) | 78 (18.2) | 59 (17.4) | 17 (24.6) | 21 (4.7) | |||
| Missing | 1 (0.5) | 3 (0.7) | 3 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 251 (55.8) | |||
| Motor disturbance | ||||||||
| No | 186 (84.5) | 312 (72.9) | .05 | 245 (72.3) | 51 (73.9) | 1.0 | 175 (38.9) | .003 |
| Yes | 34 (15.5) | 90 (21.0) | 72 (21.2) | 15 (21.7) | 24 (5.3) | |||
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 26 (6.1) | 22 (6.5) | 3 (4.3) | 251 (55.8) | |||
| Performance status | ||||||||
| 0 | 81 (36.8) | 149 (34.8) | .81 | 127 (37.5) | 15 (21.7) | .007 | 109 (24.2) | .40 |
| 1 | 98 (44.5) | 216 (50.5) | 164 (48.4) | 42 (60.9) | 154 (34.2) | |||
| >1 | 41 (18.6) | 62 (14.5) | 47 (13.9) | 12 (17.4) | 25 (5.6) | |||
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 162 (36.0) | |||
| MRC score | ||||||||
| No | 139 (63.2) | 246 (57.5) | .33 | 194 (57.2) | 42 (60.9) | .10 | 201 (44.7) | .009 |
| Some | 49 (22.3) | 129 (30.1) | 101 (29.8) | 21 (30.4) | 183 (40.7) | |||
| Moderate/major | 32 (14.5) | 53 (12.4) | 44 (13.0) | 6 (8.7) | 56 (12.4) | |||
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (2.2) | |||
| Extent of resection by neurosurgeon | ||||||||
| Biopsy | 84 (38.2) | 127 (29.7) | .04 | 116 (34.2) | 4 (5.8) | <.0001 | 211 (46.9) | <.0001 |
| Resection | 135 (61.4) | 294 (68.7) | 219 (64.6) | 62 (89.9) | 239 (53.1) | |||
| Missing | 1 (0.5) | 7 (1.6) | 4 (1.2) | 3 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Baseline steroids | ||||||||
| No | 102 (46.4) | 201 (47.0) | .003 | 160 (47.2) | 30 (43.5) | 1.0 | 219 (48.7) | <.0001 |
| Yes | 86 (39.1) | 94 (22.0) | 77 (22.7) | 14 (20.3) | 228 (50.7) | |||
| Missing | 32 (14.5) | 133 (31.1) | 102 (30.1) | 25 (36.2) | 3 (0.7) | |||
| Baseline anticonvulsants | ||||||||
| No | 23 (10.5) | 50 (11.7) | .15 | 36 (10.6) | 13 (18.8) | .03 | 51 (11.3) | .12 |
| Yes | 165 (75.0) | 236 (55.1) | 193 (56.9) | 29 (42.0) | 396 (88.0) | |||
| Missing | 32 (14.5) | 142 (33.2) | 110 (32.4) | 27 (39.1) | 3 (0.7) | |||
| Local diagnosis | ||||||||
| Astrocytoma | 154 (70.0) | 279 (65.2) | .36 | 232 (68.4) | 35 (50.7) | .02 | 104 (23.1) | <.0001 |
| Mixed oligoastrocytoma | 21 (9.5) | 42 (9.8) | 31 (9.1) | 11 (15.9) | 133 (29.6) | |||
| Oligodendroglioma | 44 (20.0) | 107 (25.0) | 76 (22.4) | 23 (33.3) | 213 (47.3) | |||
| Missing | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Frontal location | ||||||||
| No | 137 (62.3) | 215 (50.2) | .004 | 172 (50.7) | 30 (43.5) | .29 | 176 (39.1) | .001 |
| Yes | 83 (37.7) | 213 (49.8) | 167 (49.3) | 39 (56.5) | 274 (60.9) | |||
| Temporal location | ||||||||
| No | 145 (65.9) | 316 (73.8) | .04 | 251 (74.0) | 51 (73.9) | 1.0 | 289 (64.2) | .007 |
| Yes | 75 (34.1) | 112 (26.2) | 88 (26.0) | 18 (26.1) | 157 (34.9) | |||
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (0.9) | |||||
| Parietal location | ||||||||
| No | 181 (82.3) | 356 (83.2) | .82 | 277 (81.7) | 63 (91.3) | .05 | 296 (65.8) | <.0001 |
| Yes | 39 (17.7) | 72 (16.8) | 62 (18.3) | 6 (8.7) | 151 (33.6) | |||
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.7) | |||||
| Occipital location | ||||||||
| No | 213 (96.8) | 424 (99.1) | .05 | 336 (99.1) | 69 (100.0) | 1.0 | 426 (94.7) | .002 |
| Yes | 7 (3.2) | 4 (0.9) | 3 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 20 (4.4) | |||
| Missing | 4 (0.9) | |||||||
| Other location | ||||||||
| No | 204 (92.7) | 401 (93.7) | .62 | 320 (94.4) | 63 (91.3) | .41 | 227 (50.4) | .08 |
| Yes | 16 (7.3) | 27 (6.3) | 19 (5.6) | 6 (8.7) | 24 (5.3) | |||
| Missing | 199 (44.2) | |||||||
| Left lobe | ||||||||
| No | 114 (51.8) | 237 (55.4) | .45 | 188 (55.5) | 39 (56.5) | .90 | 221 (49.1) | .08 |
| Yes | 105 (47.7) | 191 (44.6) | 151 (44.5) | 30 (43.5) | 229 (50.9) | |||
| Missing | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||||
| Right lobe | ||||||||
| No | 114 (51.8) | 201 (47.0) | .24 | 158 (46.6) | 31 (44.9) | .89 | 252 (56.0) | .01 |
| Yes | 105 (47.7) | 227 (53.0) | 181 (53.4) | 38 (55.1) | 198 (44.0) | |||
| Missing | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||||
| Midline crossing | ||||||||
| No | 163 (74.1) | 310 (72.4) | .55 | 247 (72.9) | 50 (72.5) | .87 | 136 (30.2) | .06 |
| Yes | 53 (24.1) | 88 (20.6) | 68 (20.1) | 15 (21.7) | 57 (12.7) | |||
| Missing | 4 (1.8) | 30 (7.0) | 24 (7.1) | 4 (5.8) | 257 (57.1) | |||
| Tumor size, cm | ||||||||
| <5 | 84 (38.2) | 157 (36.7) | .47 | 124 (36.6) | 24 (34.8) | .67 | 218 (48.4) | .07 |
| ≥5 | 102 (46.4) | 220 (51.4) | 173 (51.0) | 38 (55.1) | 231 (51.3) | |||
| Missing | 34 (15.5) | 51 (11.9) | 42 (12.4) | 7 (10.1) | 1 (0.2) | |||
| Time since first LGG symptoms (weeks) | ||||||||
| Median | 27.9 | 30.0 | .55 | 30.5 | 26.3 | .40 | 14.5 | <.0001 |
| Range | 2.9–1749.0 | 2.0–1542.4 | 2.0–1542.4 | 2.1–828.7 | 1.3–787.7 | |||
| N obs | 220 | 426 | 338 | 68 | 426 | |||
| Time since surgery (wk) | ||||||||
| Median | 3.6 | 2.3 | <.0001 | 2.3 | 1.7 | <.0001 | 4.1 | <.0001 |
| Range | 0.0–31.7 | 0.3–157.6 | 0.3–157.6 | 0.4–9.7 | 0.3–214.6 | |||
| N obs | 220 | 428 | 339 | 69 | 420 | |||
| Median PFS, mo (95% CI) | 53 (44,76) | 54 (47,60) | .08 | 55 (49,63) | 41 (27,55) | .01 | 66 (55,75) | .01 |
| Median OS, mo (95% CI) | 80 (61,111) | 84 (77,95) | .92 | 87 (79,99) | 62 (44,89) | .03 | 110 (96,129) | .02 |
(1) EORTC patients without central pathology review. (2) EORTC patients with central pathology review. (3) EORTC patients centrally diagnosed with low grade gliomas (LGGs, grade II). (4) EORTC patients centrally diagnosed with high grade gliomas (HGGs, grade III-IV). (5) RTOG/NCCTG centrally diagnosed with LGGs (grade II).
Fisher test was used for binary or categorical factors. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for continuous variables and scores. Log-rank test was used for outcome comparisons.