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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Feb 7.
Published in final edited form as: J Chem Phys. 2013 Aug 7;139(5):055101. doi: 10.1063/1.4815967

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2

AFM tapping mode images of DNA-Dap films constructed on HOPG with molar ratios R = [Dap2+]/[PO4−]DNA = 8, 16, and 32, respectively for (a), (b), and (c), prepared with CDNA = 20 ng/μl. In such conditions, the films have respectively thicknesses of 4, 7, and 10 nm.