Figure 5. Graphic illustration of a lignocellulose conversion to biodiesel in a single microbe by consolidated bioprocess (CBP). The enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose and hemicellulose fractions to fermentable hexoses and pentoses requires the production of both cellulases and hemicellulases (dashed lines). The subsequent conversion of the hexoses and pentoses to biodiesel initiated by the modifying fatty acids pathways, introducing ethanol producing pathway and overexpressing acyltransferase. FFA, fatty acid synthesis; WS/DGAT, acyltransferase for fatty acid esters synthesis; EtOH, ethanol producing pathway.