Figure 4.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) regulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the absence of p53. (A) Cells were pretreated with 10 μM compound C for 30 min and then treated with 50 μM EGCG for 24 h. Proteins were subjected to western blot analysis using antibodies against VEGF and MMP-9. (B) Cells were treated with EGCG (10–50 μM) for 24 h, and then fixed, permeabilized and double stained with p-AMPKα1 and an anti-rabbit Alexa 546 secondary antibody (red) or with VEGF and an anti-mouse Alexa 488 secondary antibody (green). Cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue) and the results were observed by confocal microscopy.