Table 1.
Perceived stimulant enhancement effects on motivation and cognition.
| Descriptives | One-sample t-tests | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mean perceived effect* | Std. Dev. | t | df | Sig. (2-tailed) | Mean difference from “no effect” | |
| COGNITION-RELATED FUNCTIONS | |||||||
| Ability to multitask | 40 | 4.47 | 1.826 | 1.646 | 39 | 0.108 | 0.475 |
| Abstract thinking | 40 | 4.75 | 1.276 | 3.717 | 39 | 0.001 | 0.750 |
| Attention | 40 | 6.30 | 1.067 | 13.633 | 39 | 0.000 | 2.300 |
| Creativity | 40 | 4.45 | 1.154 | 2.467 | 39 | 0.018 | 0.450 |
| Intelligence | 40 | 4.98 | 1.271 | 4.853 | 39 | 0.000 | 0.975 |
| Memory | 40 | 5.15 | 1.099 | 6.618 | 39 | 0.000 | 1.150 |
| Speed of thinking | 40 | 5.78 | 1.310 | 8.567 | 39 | 0.000 | 1.775 |
| MOTIVATION-RELATED FUNCTIONS | |||||||
| Alertness | 40 | 6.15 | 0.864 | 15.742 | 39 | 0.000 | 2.150 |
| Anxiety relief | 40 | 4.13 | 1.522 | 0.519 | 39 | 0.606 | 0.125 |
| Energy | 40 | 6.18 | 0.874 | 15.743 | 39 | 0.000 | 2.175 |
| Mood | 40 | 4.78 | 1.476 | 3.321 | 39 | 0.002 | 0.775 |
| Motivation | 40 | 6.15 | 1.075 | 12.645 | 39 | 0.000 | 2.150 |
| Self-confidence | 40 | 5.13 | 1.539 | 4.623 | 39 | 0.000 | 1.125 |
| Task enjoyment | 40 | 5.40 | 1.482 | 5.977 | 39 | 0.000 | 1.400 |
*
7, Extremely helpful; 6, Very helpful; 5, Somewhat helpful; 4, No effect; 3, Somewhat impairing; 2, Very impairing; 1, Extremely impairing.