Table 2.

Crude and adjusted associations between change in physical activity, cardiovascular disease risk factors and modelled cardiovascular disesae risk at follow-up in the ADDITION-Cambridge trial cohort

Women
Outcome		Standardized β-coefficient*
		Total cholesterol	95% CI	P-value	Systolic blood pressure	95% CI	P-value	HbA1c	95% CI	P-value	Modelled cardiovascular disease risk§	95% CI	P-value
Δ home physical activity	Crude	−0.042	−0.15 to 0.063	0.43	−1.42	−3.63 to 0.98	0.21	−0.044	−0.14 to 0.049	0.35	−0.004	−0.014 to 0.006	0.39
(MET h/week)	Adjusted†	−0.030	−0.11 to 0.056	0.49	−1.50	−3.41 to 0.41	0.12	−0.030	−0.11 to 0.048	0.45	−0.003	−0.010 to 0.003	0.33
Δ work physical activity‡	Crude	−0.17	−0.42 to 0.075	0.17	0.44	−5.26 to 6.14	0.88	−0.026	−0.23 to 0.18	0.80	−0.006	−0.023 to 0.011	0.48
(MET h/week)	Adjusted†	−0.083	−0.28 to 0.12	0.41	1.52	−3.58 to 6.62	0.55	0.053	−0.15 to 0.26	0.61	0.003	−0.007 to 0.012	0.56
Δ recreational physicalactivity	Crude	−0.009	−0.03 to 0.12	0.89	−2.01	−4.69 to 0.68	0.14	0.027	−0.083 to 0.14	0.93	−0.006	−0.018 to 0.006	0.29
(MET h/week)	Adjusted†	−0.029	−0.13 to 0.076	0.59	−2.32	−4.60 to −0.05	0.045	0.022	−0.072 to 0.12	0.65	−0.005	−0.013 to 0.003	0.22
Δ vigorous physical activity	Crude	−0.14	−0.39 to 0.10	0.25	−4.39	−9.44 to 0.66	0.088	0.020	−0.19 to 0.24	0.85	−0.016	−0.039 to 0.007	0.16
(h/week)	Adjusted†	−0.15	−0.34 to 0.050	0.14	−2.49	−6.83 to 1.85	0.26	0.023	−0.16 to 0.21	0.80	−0.003	−0.018 to 0.012	0.71

Men
Outcome		Standardized β-coefficient*
		Total cholesterol	95% CI	P-value	Systolic blood pressure	95% CI	P-value	HbA1c	95% CI	P-value	Modelled cardiovascular disease risk§	95% CI	P-value
Δ home physical activity	Crude	−0.071	−0.17 to 0.029	0.16	−0.52	−2.29 to 1.26	0.57	−0.004	−0.094 to 0.086	0.93	−0.001	−0.013 to 0.011	0.87
(MET h/week)	Adjusted†	−0.021	−0.098 to 0.056	0.60	−0.84	−2.34 to 0.66	0.27	0.009	−0.075 to 0.093	0.83	−0.003	−0.010 to 0.005	0.48
Δ work physical activity ‡c	Crude	−0.055	−0.19 to 0.077	0.41	−2.55	−4.96 to −0.14	0.038	−0.11	−0.24 to 0.008	0.067	−0.012	−0.026 to 0.003	0.12
(MET h/week)	Adjusted†	−0.001	−0.093 to 0.090	0.98	−1.21	−3.17 to 0.76	0.23	−0.079	−0.19 to 0.037	0.18	−0.004	−0.013 to 0.005	0.40
Δ recreational physical activity	Crude	0.001	−0.089 to 0.091	0.98	0.16	−1.50 to 1.82	0.85	−0.085	−0.17 to 0.001	0.052	−0.012	−0.12 to 0.014	0.028
(MET h/week)	Adjusted†	0.012	−0.058 to 0.081	0.74	0.79	−0.62 to 2.20	0.27	−0.093	−0.17 to −0.014	0.021	−0.006	−0.013 to 0.001	0.11
Δ vigorous physical activity	Crude	0.069	−0.008 to 0.15	0.079	0.90	−0.48 to 2.29	0.20	−0.035	−0.11 to 0.036	0.33	0.003	−0.006 to 0.012	0.53
(h/week)	Adjusted†	0.029	−0.031 to 0.089	0.35	0.56	−0.60 to 1.73	0.34	−0.033	−0.099 to 0.033	0.33	0.001	−0.005 to 0.007	0.67

^*For every standard deviation unit increase in [physical activity domain], there was an average [increase/decrease] of [XX] units in [cardiovascular disease risk factor].

^†Adjusted for baseline physical activity behaviour, age, randomization group, change in smoking, change in calorie intake and change in medication use (total cholesterol adjusted for change in lipid-lowering medication, systolic blood pressure adjusted for change in anti-hypertensive medication, HbA1c adjusted for glucose-lowering medication at 1 year, and modelled cardiovascular disease risk adjusted for change in lipid-lowering, anti-hypertensive medication and glucose-lowering medication at 1 year).

^‡Includes only participants who had a job at baseline and after 1 year.

^§Calculated using the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) risk engine (version 3), excluding participants who experienced a previous heart attack or stroke.

MET, metabolic equivalent.