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Spermiograms and in vitro fertilization assays. Spermiograms from PCI+/+ (a) and from PCI+/– (b) were normal, whereas in spermiograms from PCI–/– mice (c) immature and malformed cells were prevalent. (d) In in vitro fertilization assays, sperm obtained from PCI+/– mice were able to bind and subsequently fertilize PCI+/+ oocytes. Sperm obtained from PCI–/– males failed to fertilize zona pellucida–containing (e) or zona pellucida–free (f) oocytes.
