FIGURE 1.

Identification of promoter element(s) responsible for mouse Bmal1 gene activation and rhythmic expression. A, 5′ deletion Bmal1 reporter constructs were transfected into NIH 3T3 cells. Cells were treated with 50% horse serum for 2 h on the next day followed by culturing in regular DMEM without serum and 1 μm luciferin (Luc) and placed in LM-2400 for bioluminescence recording. The highest activity recording of each construct was set as 1, respectively. B, data were normalized to the average luciferase activity produced over the duration of the recording and are plotted as the difference from the centered 24-h moving average.