Table 3.
Knowledge of and response to newborn danger signs and illness episodes of children under 5 years of age by intervention intensity, Northern Nigeria, 2011
| Newborn danger sign knowledge and response type | Control 2011 (%) | Low intensitya | High intensityb | F (P) Control vs low intensity vs high intensity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Knowledge of each newborn danger sign | ||||
| None known | 9.8 | 8.8 | 11.5 | 0.543 (0.561) |
| Known | ||||
| High fever | 83.2 | 83.4 | 84.7 | 0.182 (0.825) |
| Stiff neck, fitting, or convulsions | 14.6 | 31.6 | 23.3 | 2.827 (0.091) |
| Jaundice | 6.7 | 15.5 | 18.9 | 3.081 (0.066) |
| Difficult/fast breathing | 5.6 | 25.3 | 19.3 | 5.404 (0.021) |
| Not able to suckle/refusal to feed | 6.3 | 17.9 | 14.6 | 3.408 (0.051) |
| Diarrhea/dehydration/sunken soft spot | 21.6 | 26.7 | 33.2 | 0.647 (0.512) |
| n | 297 | 771 | 339 | |
| Observation of specific danger signs in newborns (<6 weeks old) | ||||
| High fever | 25.4 | 29.6 | 30.9 | 1.126 (0.337) |
| Stiff neck, fitting, or convulsions | 4.5 | 4.5 | 5.8 | 0.279 (0.757) |
| Swollen stomach | 16.5 | 17.9 | 14.2 | 0.612 (0.550) |
| Diarrhea | 14.5 | 18.0 | 19.7 | 0.830 (0.426) |
| Difficult/fast breathing | 5.0 | 6.4 | 9.4 | 1.634 (0.223) |
| Not able to suckle/refusal to feed | 6.5 | 6.0 | 7.2 | 0.216 (0.759) |
| n | 401 | 1,125 | 417 | |
| Source of advice on care of sick children | 1.872 (0.111) | |||
| Nurse/midwife | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.9 | |
| CHW in health post | 6.0 | 14.7 | 24.5 | |
| CHW in outreach | 4.7 | 4.5 | 3.4 | |
| TBA | 6.7 | 5.0 | 0.7 | |
| Family/friends | 35.7 | 27.3 | 23.6 | |
| Drug vendor/chemist | 3.2 | 1.1 | 0.0 | |
| Traditional healer/other | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.0 | |
| No one mentioned | 28.2 | 28.8 | 21.6 | |
| n | 401 | 1,124 | 416 | |
| Specific acute illness episodes in past month, children <5 years | ||||
| Fever only | 24.9 | 24.5 | 28.1 | 0.273 (0.698) |
| Diarrhea | 15.0 | 15.4 | 21.3 | 0.467 (0.592) |
| Cough only | 13.2 | 12.2 | 15.6 | 0.281 (0.693) |
| Malnutrition (weight loss) | 14.0 | 12.3 | 16.6 | 0.308 (0.732) |
| Fever and cough | 37.8 | 30.7 | 32.5 | 0.256 (0.663) |
| Diarrhea and malnutrition | 19.7 | 18.9 | 23.7 | 1.187 (0.311) |
| n | 401 | 1,125 | 417 | |
Notes:F-statistic is comparable to the chi-square statistic, but is corrected for the design effect of clustering used in the household survey sample design.
a
Community volunteer only
b
community volunteer plus CHW.
Abbreviations: CHW, community health worker; TBA, traditional birth attendant; vs, versus.