Fig. 2.
Nrf2 activators increase extracellular CysGly levels. U373 cells were treated with R-lipoic acid (LA), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), sulforaphane (SFN) or Polygonum cuspidatum containing 50% resveratrol (PC-Res) for 48 h. The concentration of cysteinylglycine (CysGly) in the media was then determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Data points represent mean values from three independent experiments, while error bars represent SD. ⁎ and ⁎⁎⁎ designate significant differences (p<0.05 and p<0.001) to the non-treated control.