Table 3.
Spearman rho correlations between participants' characteristics and health literacy, numeracy, and graph literacy
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Age | Cronbach's α | 1.000 | .060 | .053 | .172** | .409** | .046 | −.131** | −.068 | .043 | −.142** |
| p | — | .186 | .244 | .000 | .000 | .306 | .003 | .128 | .339 | .001 | |
| n | 502 | 493 | 480 | 450 | 488 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | |
| 2. Education | Cronbach's α | .060 | 1.000 | .189** | .148** | .014 | −.059 | .250** | .286** | .313** | .291** |
| P | .186 | — | .000 | .002 | .768 | .191 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | |
| n | 493 | 493 | 472 | 442 | 479 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | 493 | |
| 3. Income | Cronbach's α | .053 | .189** | 1.000 | .408** | −.084 | −.005 | .172** | .245** | .126** | .284** |
| p | .244 | .000 | — | .000 | .070 | .921 | .000 | .000 | .006 | .000 | |
| n | 480 | 472 | 480 | 432 | 472 | 480 | 480 | 480 | 480 | 480 | |
| 4. Race | Cronbach's α | .172** | .148** | .408** | 1.000 | .058 | −.123** | .361** | .351** | .217** | .321** |
| p | .000 | .002 | .000 | — | .225 | .009 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | |
| n | 450 | 442 | 432 | 450 | 436 | 450 | 450 | 450 | 450 | 450 | |
| 5. Charlson | Cronbach's α | .409** | .014 | −.084 | .058 | 1.000 | .175** | −.050 | −.172** | −.048 | −.196** |
| (adjusted) | p | .000 | .768 | .070 | .225 | — | .000 | .271 | .000 | .286 | .000 |
| n | 488 | 479 | 472 | 436 | 488 | 488 | 488 | 488 | 488 | 488 | |
| 6. Perceived | Cronbach's α | .046 | −.059 | −.005 | −123** | .175** | 1.000 | −.133** | −.062 | −.142** | −.102* |
| health | p | .306 | .191 | .921 | .009 | .000 | — | .003 | .168 | .001 | .022 |
| n | 502 | 493 | 480 | 450 | 488 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | |
| 7. Health | Cronbach's α | −131** | .250** | .172** | .361** | −.050 | −.133** | 1.000 | .505** | .360** | .510** |
| literacy | p | .003 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .271 | .003 | — | .000 | .000 | .000 |
| n | 502 | 493 | 480 | 450 | 488 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | |
| 8. Objective | Cronbach's α | −.068 | .286** | .245** | .351** | −.172** | −.062 | .505** | 1.000 | .478** | .664** |
| numeracy | p | .128 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .168 | .000 | — | .000 | .000 |
| n | 502 | 493 | 480 | 450 | 488 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | |
| 9. Subjective | Cronbach's α | .043 | .313** | .126** | .217* | −.048 | −.142** | .360** | .478** | 1.000 | .411** |
| numeracy | p | .339 | .000 | .006 | .000 | .286 | .001 | .000 | .000 | — | .000 |
| n | 502 | 493 | 480 | 450 | 488 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | |
| 10. Graph | Cronbach's α | −142** | .291** | .284** | .321* | −.196** | −.102* | .510** | .664** | .411** | 1.000 |
| literacy | p | .001 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .000 | .022 | .000 | .000 | .000 | — |
| n | 502 | 493 | 480 | 450 | 488 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 | 502 |
Note. All p values were two-tailed.
**
p = .01. *p = .05.