. 2011 Oct 14;4(6):700–709. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2010.00236.x

Table 1.

Nitrous oxide emission from manure composting process.

Animal	Process type		Unit	Reference
Dairy		0.582	g‐N₂O per kg DM	Pattey et al. (2005)
Beef		0.162	g‐N₂O per kg DM	Pattey et al. (2005)
Pig	Forced aeration	1.9–71.9	g‐N₂O‐N per m³	Osada and Fukumoto (2001)
Cattle	static	1.1	kg‐N per Mg manure	Hao et al. (2001)
Cattle	turned	1.9	kg‐N per Mg manure	Hao et al. (2001)
Cattle	Woodchip	0.39	%N	Hao et al. (2004)
Cattle	Straw	0.68	%N	Hao et al. (2004)
Dairy	static	1.2	%N	El Kader et al. (2007)
Dairy	turned	1.9	%N
Turkey		0.2–0.4	%N
Pig	turned	3.7–4.6	%N	Fukumoto et al. (2003)
Pig	turned	2.5	%N	Szanto et al. (2007)
Pig	static	9.9	%N	Szanto et al. (2007)