Table 1.

Summary of conclusions from pivotal papers.

Reference	Study subjects	Analysis	Conclusions
Mallett et al. (1987)	Conventional rats, HFA rats and human faeces	Biochemistry	Concluded that flora was similar between all three study subjects on basis of indirect measurements and only true for 3 of 4 tested enzymes
Hirayama et al. (1991)	HFA mice	Bacteriology	Bifidobacterium not implanted in HFA mice
Hirayama et al. (1995)	HFA, conventional mice and human faeces	Bacteriology and Biochemistry	Differences in implanted flora, Bifidobacterium not implanted in all mice.
			Differences in enzyme activities and bacterial metabolism
Hazenberg et al. (1981)	HFA, conventional mice and human faeces	Bacteriology	HFA flora similar to man but distinct from conventional mice
Pecquet et al. (1986)	HFA mice and human faeces	Bacteriology	Concluded similarity in flora but only screened Enterobacteriaceae and total anaerobes