Table 2.
Descriptive statistics, between-group comparisons, and effect sizes (Cohen’s d) for each sample: intention-to-treat analysis.
|
|
|
|
Treatment group mean (SD) |
Waiting list group mean (SD) |
F 1,88 (Cohen’s d) | P | ||
| Urban sample | ||||||||
|
|
Time 1 | |||||||
|
|
|
PDSa | 1.74 (0.61) | 1.73 (0.59) | 0.01 (0.02) | .95 | ||
|
|
|
PCCb | 2.54 (0.87) | 2.78 (0.85) | 1.78 (−0.28) | .19 | ||
|
|
|
SFIc | 2.66 (1.09) | 2.79 (0.92) | 0.38 (−0.13) | .54 | ||
|
|
|
SCL-Dd | 2.64 (0.79) | 2.66 (0.87) | 0.01 (−0.02) | .92 | ||
|
|
|
CSEe | 1.99 (0.73) | 1.88 (0.56) | 0.67 (0.17) | .42 | ||
|
|
Time 2 | |||||||
|
|
|
PDS | 1.13 (0.73) | 1.65 (0.58) | 4.29 (−0.44) | .04 | ||
|
|
|
PCC | 1.77 (1.09) | 2.69 (0.86) | 8.50 (−0.61) | .005 | ||
|
|
|
SFI | 1.84 (0.96) | 2.62 (0.78) | 5.08 (−0.48) | .03 | ||
|
|
|
SCL-D | 1.71 (0.86) | 2.52 (0.91) | 4.32 (−0.44) | .04 | ||
|
|
|
CSE | 2.25 (0.74) | 2.04 (0.72) | 0.79 (0.19) | .38 | ||
|
|
Time 3 | |||||||
|
|
|
PDS |
|
1.33 (0.75) |
|
|
||
|
|
|
PCC |
|
2.29 (0.99) |
|
|
||
|
|
|
SFI |
|
2.33(1.19) |
|
|
||
|
|
|
SCL-D |
|
2.14 (1.03) |
|
|
||
|
|
|
CSE |
|
2.21 (0.70) |
|
|
||
|
|
Time 4 | |||||||
|
|
|
PDS | 0.76 (0.78) | 0.74 (0.58) | 0.18 (0.09) | .67 | ||
|
|
|
PCC | 1.39 (1.11) | 1.43 (0.87) | 0.44 (−0.14) | .51 | ||
|
|
|
SFI | 1.60 (1.27) | 1.58 (1.08) | 0.89 (0.20) | .35 | ||
|
|
|
SCL-D | 1.24 (1.01) | 1.39 (0.69) | 0.27 (−0.11) | .60 | ||
|
|
|
CSE | 2.34 (1.15) | 2.74 (0.49) | 0.41 (−0.14) | .52 | ||
| Rural sample | ||||||||
|
|
Time 1 | |||||||
|
|
|
PDS | 1.77 (0.48) | 1.79 (0.57) | 0.05 (−0.04) | .83 | ||
|
|
|
PCC | 2.53 (0.84) | 2.35 (0.88) | 1.07 (0.21) | .30 | ||
|
|
|
SFI | 2.31 (0.95) | 2.49 (0.90) | 0.96 (−0.19) | .33 | ||
|
|
|
SCL-D | 2.17 (0.77) | 2.32 (0.95) | 0.63 (−0.17) | .43 | ||
|
|
|
CSE | 1.96 (0.54) | 1.97 (0.63) | 0.01 (−0.02) | .97 | ||
|
|
Time 2 | |||||||
|
|
|
PDS | 1.34 (0.48) | 1.62 (0.55) | 6.86 (−0.54) | .01 | ||
|
|
|
PCC | 2.09 (0.84) | 2.11 (0.85) | 0.001 (−0.01) | .97 | ||
|
|
|
SFI | 1.85 (0.77) | 1.88 (0.94) | 0.09 (−0.06) | .77 | ||
|
|
|
SCL-D | 1.92 (0.66) | 2.08 (0.86) | 0.96 (−0.20) | .33 | ||
|
|
|
CSE | 1.96 (0.39) | 1.84 (0.52) | 1.60 (0.26) | .21 | ||
|
|
Time 3 | |||||||
|
|
|
PDS |
|
1.38 (0.56) |
|
|
||
|
|
|
PCC |
|
1.86 (0.82) |
|
|
||
|
|
|
SFI |
|
1.70 (0.86) |
|
|
||
|
|
|
SCL-D |
|
1.68 (0.80) |
|
|
||
|
|
|
CSE |
|
1.68 (0.58) |
|
|
||
|
|
Time 4 | |||||||
|
|
|
PDS | 1.37 (0.58) | 1.54 (0.63) | 1.85 (−0.28) | .18 | ||
|
|
|
PCC | 2.02 (0.94) | 1.96 (1.02) | 0.15 (0.08) | .70 | ||
|
|
|
SFI | 1.73 (0.90) | 1.83 (0.88) | 0.21 (−0.10) | .65 | ||
|
|
|
SCL-D | 1.97 (0.93) | 2.08 (0.96) | 0.11 (−0.07) | .74 | ||
|
|
|
CSE | 1.96 (0.53) | 1.86 (0.72) | 1.28 (0.23) | .26 | ||
aPDS: Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale
bPCC: Post-traumatic Cognitive Changes questionnaire
cSFI: Social Functioning Impairment questionnaire
dSCL-D: Symptom Checklist 90-Depression scale
eCSE: Trauma Coping Self-Efficacy scale