Table 1.
Demographic, global cognitive, clinical, and MRI morphometric characteristics of Young-Old and Very-Old healthy control and Alzheimer’s disease groups (upper portion) as well as of the four AD subgroups separated by apolipoprotein E genotype (bottom portion) at baseline.
| Young-Old HC (n=83) | Very-Old HC (n=40) | Young-Old AD (n=64) | Very-Old AD (n=40) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 71.86 (2.30) | 83.88 (2.55) | 70.77 (3.21) | 84.01 (2.66) |
| Education | 15.37 (2.39) | 15.95 (2.97) | 14.69 (2.63) | 14.80 (3.25) |
| Gender (% men) | 51% | 54% | 44% | 56% |
| % APOE ε4 carriers | 25% | 28% | 77% * | 50% ** |
| MMSE | 29.00 (1.08) | 29.02 (1.06) | 23.52 (2.05) | 23.20 (2.19) |
| CDR sum of boxes | 0.02 (0.11) | 0.07 (0.18) | 4.07 (1.31) | 4.43 (1.92) |
| Modified HIS scores | 0.51 (0.72) | 0.45 (0.55) | 0.59 (0.66) | 0.73 (0.72) |
| Disease duration (years) | -- | -- | 3.16 (2.29) | 3.23 (2.20) |
| WMH volume (mm3) | -- | -- | 6852 (662) | 11970 (1765) § |
| Blood homocysteine, μM/L | 9.31 (2.91) † | 11.25 (3.47) | 9.99 (2.44) | 10.92 (2.64) |
| % HTN meds users | 28% | 33% | 36% | 38% |
| Loss to follow-up | 10 (12%) | 4 (10%) | 12 (18.8%) | 6 (15%) |
| Young-Old AD non-ε4 (n=15) | Young-Old AD ε4 (n=49) | Very-Old AD non-ε4 (n=20) | Very-Old AD ε4 (n=20) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 70.53 (3.44) | 70.84 (3.17) | 84.16 (3.10) | 83.70 (2.18) |
| Education | 16.07 (2.19) | 14.27 (2.63) | 14.90 (3.32) | 14.80 (3.32) |
| Gender (% men) | 47% | 43% | 40% | 75% |
| MMSE | 23.27 (2.34) | 23.59 (1.97) | 23.00 (2.03) | 23.50 (2.37) |
| CDR sum of boxes | 3.90 (1.35) | 4.12 (1.31) | 4.23 (1.97) | 4.60 (1.94) |
| Modified HIS scores | 0.53 (0.52) | 0.61 (0.70) | 0.65 (0.75) | 0.80 (0.70) |
| Disease duration (years) | 3.21 (2.61) | 3.14 (2.22) | 2.85 (1.97) | 3.58 (2.44) |
| WMH volume (mm3) | 7216.20 (1014.35) | 6740.65 (811.35) | 11441 (2437) | 8820.63 (824)‡ |
| Blood homocysteine, μM/L | 10.59 (2.13) | 9.81 (2.52) | 10.63 (2.46) | 11.21 (2.85) |
| % HTN meds users | 40% | 35% | 30% | 45% |
| Loss to follow-up | 2 (13.3%) | 10 (20.4%) | 3 (15%) | 3 (15%) |
Abbreviations: CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating Scale; HIS, Hachinski Ischemia Scale; HTN, hypertension; WMH, white matter hypointensity (estimated from T1 image)
indicates significant difference between the Young-Old HC group versus the Very-Old HC group and the Very-Old AD group
indicates significant difference between the Young-Old AD group and the two HC groups
indicates significant differences between the Very-Old AD group and the other three group
indicates significant difference between the Young-Old AD group and the Very-Old AD group
indicates significant difference between the Young-Old AD ε4 group and the Very-Old AD ε4 group