Table 1.
Characteristics of the Analysis Sample by IA Status and Association of Vitamin D Metabolism SNPs in DAISY Non-Hispanic White Population (n = 1691)
| Characteristic | Minor Allele | MAFa | Children Positive for IA (n = 131) | Children Negative for IA (n = 1560) | Adjusted HR and 95% CI | P Value | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age, yb | 5.9 ± 4.2 | 9.9 ± 5.7 | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||
| HLA-DR3/4,DQB1*0302 | 48 (36.6%) | 261 (16.7%) | 2.86 (1.96, 4.16) | <.0001 | 1691 | ||
| First-degree relative with T1D | 84 (64.1%) | 762 (48.9%) | 1.44 (1.00, 2.07) | .05 | 1691 | ||
| Sex (female) | 68 (51.9%) | 735 (47.1%) | 1.17 (0.84, 1.65) | .35 | 1691 | ||
| DHCR7/NADSYN1 rs12785878c,d | G | 0.26 | 73 (55.7%)e | 687 (44.4%)e | 1.36 (1.08, 1.73) | .01 | 1677 |
| GC rs4588c,d | T | 0.28 | 62 (53.5%)e | 715 (48.2%)e | 1.11 (0.86, 1.44) | .43 | 1601 |
| GC rs7041c,d | A | 0.43 | 78 (67.2%)e | 1027 (69.1%)e | 0.88 (0.68, 1.13) | .30 | 1603 |
| CYP2R1 rs10741657c,d | A | 0.40 | 75 (65.2%)e | 940 (64.0%)e | 0.99 (0.76, 1.30) | .95 | 1583 |
| CYP2R1 rs12794714c,d | A | 0.43 | 74 (64.9%)e | 987 (67.8%)e | 0.95 (0.72, 1.27) | .74 | 1570 |
| CYP24A1 rs6013897c,d | A | 0.22 | 45 (38.5%)e | 577 (38.8%)e | 1.10 (0.78, 1.54) | .60 | 1604 |
| CYP27B1 rs4646536c | G | 0.32 | 1573 | ||||
| A/A | 62 (55.9%) | 672 (46.0%) | Referent | ||||
| A/G | 36 (32.4%) | 638 (43.6%) | 0.59 (0.39, 0.89) | .01 | |||
| G/G | 13 (11.7%) | 152 (10.4%) | 1.03 (0.57, 1.86) | .92 |
Abbreviation: MAF, minor allele frequency.
a
MAF calculated for children negative for IA.
b
Age at first IA-positive visit in autoantibody-positive children or age at last follow-up in autoantibody-negative children.
c
Adjusted for HLA-DR3/4,DQB1*0302 and first-degree relative with T1D.
d
SNP analyzed treating the number of minor alleles as a continuous variable, with HR representing increase in risk for each additional minor allele.
e
n and percentage for individuals with at least one minor allele.