Table 2.
Characteristics of IA-Positive Subjects by T1D Status and Association of Vitamin D Metabolism SNPs in DAISY Non-Hispanic White Population (n = 148)
| Characteristic | IA-Positive Children Who Progressed to T1D (n = 62) | IA-Positive Children Who Have Not Progressed to T1D (n = 86) | Adjusted HR and 95% CI | P Value | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age, ya | 8.6 ± 3.9 | 14.0 ± 4.2 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Mean age at first IA-positive visit, y | 3.9 ± 3.0 | 7.1 ± 4.2 | 0.87 (0.79, 0.96) | .01 | 148 |
| HLA-DR3/4,DQB1*0302 | 32 (51.6%) | 20 (23.3%) | 2.39 (1.47, 3.90) | .001 | 148 |
| First-degree relative with T1D | 45 (72.6%) | 56 (65.1%) | 1.09 (0.63, 1.89) | .76 | 148 |
| Sex (female) | 29 (46.8%) | 46 (53.5%) | 1.05 (0.62, 1.76) | .86 | 148 |
| DHCR7/NADSYN1 rs12785878b,c | 35 (56.5%)d | 44 (51.2%)d | 0.98 (0.69, 1.40) | .92 | 148 |
| GC rs4588b,c | 21 (43.8%)d | 47 (57.3%)d | 0.68 (0.42, 1.11) | .13 | 130 |
| GC rs7041b,c | 29 (59.2%)d | 59 (72.0%)d | 0.76 (0.50, 1.18) | .22 | 131 |
| CYP2R1 rs10741657b,c | 31 (62.0%)d | 51 (63.8%)d | 0.96 (0.68, 1.36) | .80 | 130 |
| CYP2R1 rs12794714b,c | 29 (60.4%)d | 56 (69.1%)d | 0.92 (0.63, 1.35) | .68 | 129 |
| CYP24A1 rs6013897b,c | 19 (38.8%)d | 31 (37.8%)d | 1.06 (0.68, 1.63) | .81 | 131 |
| CYP27B1 rs4646536c | 126 | ||||
| A/A | 29 (59.2%) | 43 (55.8%) | Referent | ||
| A/G | 16 (32.7%) | 25 (32.5%) | 0.88 (0.46, 1.70) | .71 | |
| G/G | 4 (8.2%) | 9 (11.7%) | 1.21 (0.40, 3.70) | .73 |
a
Age at T1D diagnosis in diabetic children or age at last follow-up in nondiabetic children.
b
SNP analyzed treating the number of minor alleles as a continuous variable, with HR representing an increase in risk for each additional minor allele.
c
Adjusted for HLA-DR3/4,DQB1*0302, first-degree relative with T1D, and age at first IA-positive visit.
d
n and percentage for individuals with at least one minor allele.