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Mechanisms of histone demethylation [40]. (a) The proteins having an amine-oxidase FAD-dependent activity require at least one atom of hydrogen on the lysine’s amine group, implying these proteins’ activity on the mono- and dimethylated forms of this amino acid. On the other hand, those proteins with oxygenase activity (b) are able to add a hydroxyl group to the methyl group, in a Fe2+- and α-ketoglutarate dependent way, letting them act on the quaternary form of the methylated amine.
