Table 1.
Representative CPPs.
| CPP | Origin | Aminoacid (aa) Sequence /Physicochemical nature | Length(aa) | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAT | HIV-1 TAT (transactivator factor of transcription) | YGRKKRRQRRR Cationic peptide |
11 | [73,81] |
| Penetratin (Antp) | Drosophila homeotic transcription factor encoded by antennapedia gene | RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK Amphipathic pepttide |
16 | [72] |
| VP22 | herpes simplex virus VP22 transcription factor | DAATATRGRSAASRPTERPRAPARSASRPRRPVD Amphipathic peptide |
35 | [82] |
| poly- Arginines | chemically synthesized | R7, R8, R9 Cationic peptides |
9 / 8 | [83,84] |
| Transportan | galanin -mastoparan | GWTLNSAGYLLGK-INLKALAALAKKIL Chimeric - Amphipathic peptide |
27 | [85] |
| TP10 | truncated form ofTransportan | AGYLLGKINLKALAALAKKIL Chimeric - Amphipathic peptide |
21 | [86] |
| pVEC | Vascular Endothelial (Ve) - Cadherin | LLIILRRRIRKQAHAHSK Amphipathic peptide |
18 | [87] |
| Pep-1 | Trp-rich motif-SV40 NLS | KETWWETWWTEWSQPKKKRKV Chimeric - Amphipathic peptide |
21 | [88] |
| C105Y | peptide based on the residues 359-374 of alpha1-antitrypsin | CSIPPEVKFNKPFVYLI Amphipathic peptide |
17 | [89] |
| PFVYLI | derived from the synthetic peptide C105Y | PFVYLI Hydrophobic peptide |
6 | [89] |
| CADY | chemically synthesized, combining aromatic (W) and cationic (R) residues | GLWRALWRLLRSLWRLLWRA Amphipathic peptide |
20 | [90] |
| CAPHs | chemically synthesized with cationic amphiphilic polyproline helices | P11LRR to P14LRR Cationic - Amphipathic peptides |
14 to 17 | [91] |