Table 1.
TRP/Orai1 functions in cancer and endothelial cell migration.
| Channel | Cell type | Cell migration | Techniques used | Proposed mechanism | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epithelial | Endothelial | |||||
| TRPC1 | Glioma cell lines; zebrafish; HUVEC | + | + | Boyden chamber; morfolinos on zebrafish; tubulogenesis in vitro | EGF-mediated migration, involvement of lipid raft, ClC-3 interaction/ filopodia extention | Yu et al., 2010; Bomben et al., 2011; Antigny et al., 2012; Cuddapah et al., 2013 |
| TRPC3 | MCF-7 (breast cancer) | + | ND | Boyden chamber | Indirect link | Zhang et al., 2012 |
| TRPC6 | Head and neck carcinoma cell line; glioblastoma multiple; HMEC; HPAEC; HUVEC; | + | + | Wound healing; matrigel invasion assays on transwell; soft agar colonogenic assay; tubulogenesis in vitro | Notch activation under hypoxia in turn promote TRPC6 expression; in EC PTEN regulates TRPC6 expression | Hamdollah Zadeh et al., 2008; Ge et al., 2009; Chigurupati et al., 2010; Kini et al., 2010; Bernaldo de Quirós et al., 2013 |
| TRPC5/ TRPC6 | BAEC, MAEC | ND | − | Wound healing | Lysophosphatidylcholine activate TRPC6 which in turn promote TRPC5 membrane expression | Chaudhuri et al., 2008 |
| TRPV1 | Human hepatoblastoma cells (HepG2); cervical and bladder cancer cell | ± | − | Random cell migration, boyden chamber, matrigel invasion assays, in vivo xenografts on nude mice | TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine inhibits both cannabidiol-induced tissue inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) expression and activation of the MAPKs p38 and p42/44; capsaicin promotes IGF (insulin-like growth factor)-1 release, GZMA and MMP9 activation, a-tubulin disassembly and cytoskeleton degradation. The effect is reverted by TRPV1 overexpression | Waning et al., 2007; Ramer and Hinz, 2008; Ramer et al., 2010; Caprodossi et al., 2011 |
| TRPV2 | Prostate cancer cells (PC3), urothelial cancer vells (T24/83) | + | ND | Migration assays on transwell, matrigel invasion assays on transwell, in vivo xenografts on nude mice | Lysophospholipids and adrenomedullin activate TRPV2 via PI3K pathway. TRPV2 activation induce MMP2, MMP9 and cathepsin B52 expression | Monet et al., 2010; Oulidi et al., 2013 |
| TRPV4 | Hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2); bovine capillary endothelial (BCE) cells and human dermal microvascular endothelial (HMVE); BHMEC; TEC | + | + | Random motility; wound healing; live cell microscopy after mechanical shear stress application | Ultrarapid activation by b1integrin; activation by AA via actin remodeling | Thodeti et al., 2009; Matthews et al., 2010; Fiorio Pla et al., 2012b |
| TRPM7 | Breast cancer, lung cancer, nasopharingeal cancer and pancreatic ductal adreno- | + | ND | Matrigel invasion assays on transwell | TRPM7 activation of Src-MAPK signaling pathway, focal adhesion number; EGF-mediated TRPM7 membrane expression | Gao et al., 2011; Middelbeek et al., 2012; Meng et al., 2013 |
| TRPM8 | Carcinoma prostate metastatic cancer; glioblastoma; squamous carcinoma cell lines | − | − | Wound healing; transwell; random motility; in vivo xenografts on nude mice | Activation by icilin and PSA; TRPM8 diminish PFAK levels | Wondergem et al., 2008; Yang et al., 2009b; Gkika et al., 2010; Zhu et al., 2011; Okamoto et al., 2012; Valero et al., 2012 |
| ORAI1/ STIM1 | Breast cancer; cervical cancer; HUVEC; EA.hy926 cells; EPC | + | + | Transwell; matrigel invasion assays on transwell random migration; in vivo xenografts on nude mice; in vitro tubulogenesis; wound healing | Stimulation of focal adhesion turnover via ras and rac GTPases; downstream to VEGF. | Abdullaev et al., 2008; Yang et al., 2009a; Chen et al., 2011; Dragoni et al., 2011; Li et al., 2011; Beech, 2012 |
HMEC, human microvascular EC; HPAEC, human pulmonary artery EC; HUVEC, human umbilical vein EC; EA.hy926, EC line derived from HUVECs fused with human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549; BTEC, tumor derived EC from breast carcinoma; MAEC, Mause Aortic EC; BHMEC, brain microvascular EC; EPC, endothelial precursors cells; RCC-EPC, EPC isolated from renal carcinoma patients; EGF, epithelial Growth Factor; ClC-3, chloride channel; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog protein; TIMP1, metallopeptidase inhibitor 1; MAPK, mitogen activated protein kinase; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; GZMA, Granzyme A; MMP9, Matrix metalloproteinase 9; PI3K, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; MMP2, Matrix metalloproteinase 2; AA, arachidonic acid.