Table 1.
Antimicrobial peptides reviewed in this article.
| Antimicrobial peptide | Sequence | Origin | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Magainin 2 | GIGKFLHSAKKFGKAFVGEIMNS | X. laevis | First AMP isolated from X. laevis |
| Lactoferricin | GRRRRSVQWCA | Homo sapiens | AMP derived from lactoferrin |
| Buforin II | TRSSRAGLQFPVGRVHRLLRK | Bufo gargarizans | AMP derived from histone H2A |
| Drosocin | GKPRPYSPRPTSHPRPIRV | Drosophila melanogaster | The Thr residue is O-glycosylated. |
| Pyrrhocoricin | VDKGSYLPRPTPPRPIYNRN | Pyrrhocoris apterus | Inducible AMP of a sap-sucking insect |
| Apidaecin | GNNRPVYIPQPRPPHPRL | Apis mellifera | Isolated from the lymph fluid of honeybees |
| Lasioglossin-III | VNWKKILGKIIKVVK | Lasioglossum laticeps | AMP derived from bee venom |
| HNP1 | ACYCRIPACIAGERRYGTCIYQGRLWAFCC | Neutrophils | Human defensins stored in azurophil granules |
| HNP2 | CYCRIPACIAGERRYGTCIYQGRLWAFCC | Neutrophils | |
| HNP3 | DCYCRIPACIAGERRYGTCIYQGRLWAFCC | Neutrophils | |
| HNP4 | VCSCRLVFCRRTELRVGNCLIGGVSFTYCCTRV | Neutrophils | |
| HBD1 | DHYNCVSSGGQCLYSACPIFTKIQGTCYRGKAKCCK | Epithelial cells | Human defensins secreted by epithelial cells |
| HBD2 | TCLKSGAICHPVFCPRRYKQIGTCGLPGTKCCKKP | Epithelial cells | |
| HBD3 | GIINTLQKYYCRVRGGRCAVLSCLPKEEQIGKCSTRGRKCCRRKK | Epithelial cells | |
| HBD4 | ELDRICGYGTARCRKKCRSQEYRIGRCPNTYACCLRK | Epithelial cells | |
| RTD1 | GFCRCLCRRGVCRCICTR | Primate | Premature stop codons in the human θ-defensin sequence |
| Melittin | GIGAVLKVLTTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ | A. mellifera | Peptide antibiotic with toxicity to human cells |
| Gramicidin S | VOrnLdFPVOrnLdFP | Bacillus brevis | Peptide antibiotic with toxicity to human cells |
| Adepantin 1 | GIGKHVGKALKGLKGLLKGLGES | Artificial | Predicted by AMPad to have low hemolytic activity |
| R5L | PLCRCRVRPYRCRCVG | Artificial | Designed to mimic the LPS-binding sites of LBP, cyclic |
| Oncocin | VDKPPYLPRPRPPRRIYNR | Artificial | Proline-rich, Gram-selective AMP |
| M8G2 | TFFRLFNRGGGKNLRIIRKGIHIIKKY | Artificial | Designed using STAMP technology to target Streptococcus mutans |
| Clavanin A | VFQFLGKIIHHVGNFVHGFSHVF | Styela clava | Histidine-rich, pH-dependent AMP |
| AAP2 | FHFFHHFFHFFHHF | Artificial | Acid-activated AMP based on clavanin A |
| Protease-activated AMP | DDAEAVGPEAFADEDLDEGFIKAFPKRRWQWRMKKLG | Artificial | Protease-activated AMP based on lactoferricin |
AMP, antimicrobial peptide; Orn, ornithine; dF, d-isoform of phenylalanine; Thr, threonine; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; LBP, LPS-binding protein; STAMP, specifically targeted antimicrobial peptide.