Table 1. Mean and s.d. of clinical characteristics, in n=10 low-stress control subjects, n=9 trauma-exposed individuals and n=13 individuals with PTSD.

Variables	Low-stress Controls	Trauma-exposed	PTSD	Statistics	P-value
	M (s.d.)	M (s.d.)	M (s.d.)
Age	30.20 (8.94)	38.67 (14.05)	34.62 (6.80)	F(2,29)=1.73	0.19
CAPS	0.5 (1.58)	26.00 (23.54)	89.62 (18.20)	F(2,29)=84.11	<0.0001
Number different event types (CAPS)	3.2 (1.69)	7.56 (3.36)	8.85 (1.99)	F(2,29)=16.76	<0.0001
Traumatic loada	0.23 (0.09)	1.18 (0.63)	1.61 (0.49)	F(2,29)=25.88	<0.0001
HAM-D score	2.60 (6.13)	9.00 (12.16)	26.62 (10.53)	F(2,29)=18.14	<0.0001

Abbreviations: CAPS, clinical administered PTSD scale); M, mean; s.d., standard deviation.

^aTraumatic load was specified by the proportion of specific war and torture experiences, assessed by the Vivo checklist of war, detention and torture events³⁷ and general traumatic event types, assessed by the Clinical Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS).³⁸