Table 2.
Changes in selected anthropometric and biochemical variables. Comparison between dietary treatments at the end of the intervention
| Characteristics | Control
(n = 19) |
RESMENA
(n = 27) |
p value difference | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Final | p value | Baseline | Final | p value | ||
| Energy intake (kcal) | 2198 ± 428 | 1450 ± 347 | <0.001 | 2158 ± 522 | 1323 ± 305 | <0.001 | 0.601 |
| Body weight (kg) | 105.01 ± 17.44 | 98.04 ± 16.92 | <0.001 | 101.32 ± 18.18 | 94.53 ± 17.84 | <0.001 | 0.827 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 36.60 ± 3.70 | 34.17 ± 3.71 | <0.001 | 36.19 ± 3.68 | 33.76 ± 3.91 | <0.001 | 1,000 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 114.25 ± 10.20 | 107.82 ± 11.49 | <0.001 | 111.20 ± 13.48 | 104.35 ± 13.03 | <0.001 | 0.728 |
| Triceps skinfold (mm) | 28.00 ± 10.00 | 24.60 ± 9.40 | 0.006 | 31.60 ± 8.00 | 28.60 ± 7.60 | 0.001 | 0.764 |
| Bioimpedance Total Fat mass (%) | 37.83 ± 8.11 | 34.54 ± 7.55 | <0.001 | 40.33 ± 5.93 | 37.58 ± 7.24 | <0.001 | 0.558 |
| Bioimpedance Total Fat mass (kg) | 39.62 ± 10.34 | 33.71 ± 8.56 | <0.001 | 40.81 ± 9.39 | 35.58 ± 9.80 | <0.001 | 0.547 |
| DXA Total Fat mass (%) | 40.88 ± 6.17 | 38.92 ± 6.83 | 0.001 | 44.12 ± 5.75 | 41.85 ± 6.59 | <0.001 | 0.617 |
| DXA Trunk Fat mass (%) | 47.68 ± 5.57 | 45.26 ± 6.93 | 0.014 | 49.97 ± 5.13 | 46.83 ± 6.48 | <0.001 | 0.422 |
| DXA Android Fat mass (%) | 53.71 ± 6.44 | 51.05 ± 7.65 | 0.035 | 56.78 ± 5.53 | 53.00 ± 7.26 | <0.001 | 0.357 |
| DXA Total Fat mass (kg) | 42.65 ± 7.79 | 37.91 ± 8.48 | <0.001 | 44.36 ± 9.23 | 39.22 ± 9.56 | <0.001 | 0.604 |
| Glucose (mg/dl)* | 120.22 ± 24.61 | 107.99 ± 14.50 | 0.003 | 123.00 ± 39.09 | 104.05 ± 18.90 | 0.022 | 0.505 |
| Insulin (µU/ml)* | 17.71 ± 10.08 | 10.95 ± 8.71 | <0.001 | 14.51 ± 9.17 | 9.53 ± 6.65 | <0.001 | 0.345 |
| HOMA-IR* | 5.34 ± 3.48 | 3.10 ± 2.95 | <0.001 | 4.56 ± 3.37 | 2.60 ± 2.08 | 0.001 | 0.696 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 217 ± 50 | 200 ± 43 | 0.042 | 220 ± 53 | 204 ± 48 | 0.043 | 0.919 |
| HDL-c (mg/dl) | 43 ± 10 | 39 ± 7 | 0.017 | 44 ± 12 | 41 ± 10 | 0.041 | 0.458 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 205 ± 103 | 150 ± 58 | 0.009 | 193 ± 123 | 143 ± 86 | 0.003 | 0.821 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 150 ± 14 | 139 ± 15 | 0.007 | 149 ± 20 | 136 ± 17 | 0.003 | 0.782 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 85 ± 9 | 80 ± 10 | 0.044 | 86 ± 8 | 78 ± 10 | <0.001 | 0.504 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 4.53 ± 7.31 | 2.63 ± 2.62 | 0.298 | 5.53 ± 9.99 | 4.51 ± 6.76 | 0.185 | 0.224 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 2.48 ± 0.99 | 2.38 ± 1.19 | 0.536 | 2.74 ± 1.99 | 2.96 ± 1.73 | 0.419 | 0.740 |
| TNF-α (pg/ml) | 1.11 ± 1.86 | 0.96 ± 1.72 | 0.127 | 0.99 ± 0.94 | 0.94 ± 1.04 | 0.511 | 0.291 |
Data are mean ± SD. p values from Student t test. *Log transformed variables. BMI, body mass index; DXA, dual-energy x-ray absoptiometry; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; HDL-c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; CRP, c-reactive protein; IL-6, interleukin-6; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.