Figure 4. Timing variables.

Effects of recall-delay and cognitive-task on reach-to-grasp timing (EMG-onset, movement and handhold-contact times) are shown in (A) and (B), respectively. Means and standard deviations are shown for young adults (gray) and older adults (black). Note the slower reaction-time and contact-time during no-delay trials in (A), as well as the slower timing during dual-task trials in (B). Significant age×recall-delay interaction (†) in contact-time in (A) suggested that older adults had relatively consistent contact time throughout all recall-delay conditions in comparison to young adults. § indicates a significant difference due to age (main effect); * indicates a significant difference due to recall-delay in (A) or cognitive-task in (B) (α=0.05); whiskers indicate standard deviations.