Table 1. Demographic, Clinical and Echocardiographic Characteristics of the derivation and validation group.
| Derivation Group | Validation Group | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Controls | DD 1 | DD 2 | p-value* | Controls | DD 1 | p-value* |
| Total number | 83 | 67 | 14 | - | 50 | 50 | - |
| Age (years) | 48 ± 14 | 67 ± 10 | 68 ± 11 | < 0.0001 | 31 ± 14 | 58 ± 8 | < 0.0001 |
| Male (n/%) | 37 (45) | 39 (58) | 8 (57) | 0.4 | 28 (56) | 32 (64) | 0.1 |
| Body surface (m2) | 1.85 ± 0.23 | 1.90 ± 0.24 | 1.86 ± 0.16 | 0.5 | 1.86 ± 0.45 | 1.88 ± 0.34 | 0.5 |
| Potassium (mmol/ml) | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.4 | 4.2 ± 0.6 | 0.06 | 3.9 ± 0.4 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 0.7 |
| BNP (ng/l) | 117 ± 125 | 584 ± 1082 | 1100 ± 1354 | < 0.005 | 84 ± 30 | 445 ± 274 | < 0.01 |
| AHT (n/%) | 7 (8) | 30 (45) | 12 (86) | < 0.001 | 3 (6) | 27 (54) | < 0.0001 |
| DM (n/%) | 4 (5) | 7 (10) | 3 (21) | 0.05 | 0 (0) | 7 (14) | - |
| RV/RA (mmHg) | 21 ± 5 | 24 ± 7 | 28 ± 10 | < 0.01 | 24 ± 6 | 23 ± 7 | 0.5 |
| LA ESVI (ml/m2) | 23 ± 4 | 33 ± 11 | 39 ± 11 | < 0.0001 | 23 ± 4 | 32 ± 3 | < 0.0001 |
| LV EDD (cm) | 4.8 ± 0.5 | 4.7 ± 0.6 | 4.8 ± 0.6 | 0.4 | 4.7 ± 0.4 | 4.8 ± 0.7 | 0.5 |
| SWth (cm) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | < 0.0001 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | < 0.0005 |
| PWth (cm) | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | < 0.0001 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | < 0.0005 |
| LV EDV (ml) | 96 ± 24 | 96 ± 27 | 96 ± 18 | 0.9 | 96 ± 11 | 95 ± 19 | 0.8 |
| LVEF (%) | 63 ± 4 | 63 ± 5 | 63 ± 4 | 0.7 | 65 ± 9 | 64 ± 8 | 0.7 |
| LVEDVI (ml/m2) | 52 ± 10 | 51 ± 12 | 52 ± 10 | 0.8 | 51 ± 11 | 52 ± 13 | 0.4 |
| LVMMI (ml/m2) | 82 ± 20 | 97 ± 30 | 97 ± 19 | < 0.005 | 80 ± 19 | 95 ± 23 | < 0.001 |
| LVH male (n/%) | 0 | 3 (4) | 1 (7) | - | 0 | 3 (6) | - |
| LVH female (n/%) | 0 | 5 (7) | 2 (14) | - | 0 | 3 (6) | - |
| LVrTh | 0.36 ± 0.05 | 0.42 ± 0.08 | 0.41 ± 0.10 | < 0.0001 | 0.33 ± 0.04 | 0.41 ± 0.06 | < 0.0001 |
DD 1 and DD 2 indicates diastolic dysfunction grade 1 and 2, * p value is given for the comparison of Controls vs DD (ANOVA in the derivation group), values are given as mean ± SD or numbers and percentages, AHT arterial hypertension, DM diabetes mellitus, RV right ventricle, RA right atrium, LA ESVI left atrial end-systolic volume index, LV left ventricle, EDD end-diastolic diameter, PWth posterior wall thickness, SWth septal wall thickness, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEDVI left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, LVMMI left ventricular myocardial mass index, LVH left ventricular hypertrophy, LVrTh left ventricular relative thickness