Table 1. Characteristics of the PAI-1 -675 4G/5G polymorphism allelic and genotype distribution for diabetes and diabetic complications risk in studies included in the meta-analysis.
| Study details | DM & complications | Total/Genotypes(4G4G/4G5G/5G5G) | 5G allele frequency (%) | OR(95% CI) a | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Authors [ref.] | Year | Ethnicity | Cases | Controls | Cases | Controls | ||
| Mansfield MW [8] | 1995 | European | CAD | 38(20/15/3) | 122(37/67/18) | 27.6 | 42.2 | 1.91(1.09-3.36) |
| Nagi DK [9] | 1997 | Pima Indian | DR | 70(14/44/12) | 102(18/45/39) | 48.6 | 60.3 | 1.61(1.04-2.48) |
| Broch M [10] | 1998 | European | DR | 82(17/46/19) | 95(19/48/28) | 51.2 | 54.7 | 1.15(0.76-1.75) |
| Kimura H [11] | 1998 | Asian | DM | 208(64/116/28) | 177(66/80/31) | 41.3 | 40.1 | 0.95 (0.71- 1.27) |
| DN | 98(28/58/12) | 110(36/58/16) | 41.8 | 40.9 | 0.96(0.65-1.42) | |||
| DR | 110(32/62/16) | 98(32/54/12) | 42.7 | 39.8 | 0.89(0.60-1.31) | |||
| De Cosmo S b [12] | 1999 | European | DM | 311(82/156/73) | 200(54/96/50) | 48.6 | 49.0 | 1.02(0.79-1.31) |
| DN | 175(52/81/42) | 136(30/75/31) | 47.1 | 50.4 | 1.14 (0.83- 1.56) | |||
| Tarnow L b [13] | 2000 | European | DN | 197(54/104/39) | 191(63/80/48) | 46.2 | 46.1 | 1.00(0.75-1.32) |
| Wong TY [14] | 2000 | Asian | DN | 95(39/37/19) | 46(8/29/9) | 39.5 | 51.1 | 1.60(0.97-2.64) |
| DR | 84(31/38/15) | 57(16/28/13) | 40.5 | 47.4 | 1.32(0.82-2.14) | |||
| Globocnik-Petrovic M [15] | 2003 | European | DR | 124(39/58/27) | 80(25/40/15) | 45.2 | 43.8 | 0.94(0.63-1.14) |
| Lopes C [16] | 2003 | European | CAD | 229(71/114/44) | 406(106/203/97) | 44.1 | 48.9 | 1.21(0.96-1.53) |
| Petrovic D [17] | 2003 | European | CAD | 154(45/74/35) | 194(68/89/37) | 46.8 | 42.0 | 0.83(0.61-1.12) |
| Santos KG [18] | 2003 | European | DR | 99(24/41/34) | 111(22/59/30) | 55.1 | 53.6 | 0.94(0.64-1.39) |
| Liu SQ [19] | 2004 | Asian | DM | 147(42/75/30) | 26(4/16/6) | 45.9 | 53.8 | 1.37 (0.76- 2.48) |
| DN | 77(30/28/19) | 70(12/47/11) | 42.9 | 49.3 | 1.30(0.82-2.05) | |||
| DR | 56(15/26/15) | 91(27/49/15) | 50.0 | 43.4 | 0.77(0.48-1.23) | |||
| Zietz B [20] | 2004 | European | DR | 131(48/55/28) | 358(112/173/73) | 42.4 | 44.6 | 1.09(0.82-1.45) |
| CAD | 189(59/87/43) | 320(108/151/61) | 45.8 | 42.7 | 0.88(0.68-1.14) | |||
| Murata M [21] | 2004 | Asian | DR | 188(78/86/24) | 92(43/35/14) | 35.6 | 34.2 | 0.94(0.65-1.36) |
| Meigs JB [22] | 2006 | European | DM | 216(65/103/48) | 1953(529/995/429) | 46.1 | 47.4 | 1.06(0.87-1.29) |
| Martin RJ b [23] | 2007 | European | DN | 222(70/114/38) | 361(111/179/71) | 42.8 | 44.5 | 1.07(0.84-1.36) |
| Saely CH [24] | 2008 | European | DM | 148(44/78/26) | 524(148/253/123) | 43.9 | 47.6 | 1.16(0.90-1.50) |
| Ezzidi I [25] | 2009 | European | DR | 383(77/167/139) | 473(54/242/177) | 58.1 | 63.0 | 1.23(1.01-1.49) |
| Prasad P [26] | 2010 | Asian | DN | 196(57/90/49) | 225(52/117/56) | 48.0 | 50.9 | 1.12(0.86-1.74) |
| Al-Hamodi Z [27] | 2012 | Asian | DM | 303(76/151/76) | 131(30/63/38) | 50.0 | 53.1 | 1.13(0.85-1.51) |
Note: DM, diabetes mellitus; OR(95% CI), odds ratio (95% confidence intervals); CAD, coronary artery disease; DR, diabetic retinopathy; DN, diabetic nephropathy; a, data were analyzed in the risk allele (4G vs. 5G); b, the data were on the association with type 1 diabetes, others were with type 2 diabetes. The genotype distributions in the controls of all the included studies were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.