Table 3.

Crude and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the independent potential risk factors of tooth loss based on multinomial logistic regression analysis.

	Tooth loss status*
	0				<6				≥6
	Crude OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value	Crude OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value	Crude OR (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value
Age	0.79 (0.76–0.82)	<0.001	0.803 (0.781–0.827)	<0.0001	0.85 (0.82–0.88)	<0.001	0.865 (0.841–0.889)	<0.0001	0.94 (0.91–0.97)	<0.0001	0.944 (0.918–0.972)	<0.0001
Smoking
Former Nonsmoker Smoker (ref)	2.68 (1.41–5.06) 6.7 (4.1–10.9)	0.002 <0.0001	2.19 (1.01–4.7) 12.8 (6.78–24.16)	0.046 <0.0001	2.91 (1.82–4.66) 21.7 (15.02–31.35)	<0.0001 <0.0001	2.48 (1.41–4.36) 9.14 (5.6–14.92)	<0.0001 <0.0001	2.03 (1.21–3.42) 3.6 (2.4–5.41)	0.007 <0.0001	2.273 (1.25–4.11) 3.35 (1.98–5.68)	0.0007 <0.0001
Education
Diploma and lower Bachelor Master and doctorate (ref)	0.03 (0.008–0.129) 0.54 (0.12–2.32)	<0.0001 0.409	0.024 (0.006–0.102) 0.195 (0.043–0.891)	<0.0001 0.035	0.083 (0.021–0.338) 0.65 (0.151–2.78)	0.001 0.560	0.087 (0.02–0.365) 0.370 (0.082–1.678)	<0.0001 0.197	0.43 (0.091–1.958) 0.89 (0.188–4.28)	0.279 0.888	0.509 (0.108–2.399) 0.795 (0.156–4.03)	0.393 0.782
Sex
Male Female (ref)	0.07 (0.048–0.609)	<0.0001	0.439 (0.252–0.764)	0.004	0.13 (0.088–0.199)	<0.0001	0.597 (0.347–1.029)	0.063	0.34 (0.218–0.529)	<0.0001	0.891 (0.498–1.594)	0.697
Metabolic abnormality (ref: yes)	3.38 (2.41–4.73)	<0.0001	1.18 (0.77–1.82)	0.45	1.93 (1.40–2.67)	<0.0001	1.17 (0.78–1.75)	0.46	1.18 (0.82–1.70)	0.37	1.07 (0.69–1.65)	0.77

*Dependent variable in multinomial logistic regression with four categories; edentulism was considered as reference category.

Ref: reference category; OR: odd ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.