Table 1.
Characteristics of HIV-infected individuals according to skin color (n (%) or mean ± SD).
| Total (n = 1240) | Whites (n = 710) | Nonwhites (n = 530) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 628 (50.6) | 391 (55.1) | 237 (44.7) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 39.1 ± 10.0 | 39.3 ± 10.3 | 38.9 ± 9.7 | 0.5 |
| Educational attainment (years) | 7.5 ± 4.1 | 8.3 ± 4.2 | 6.4 ± 3.7 | <0.001 |
| Smoking | 525 (42.3) | 298 (42.0) | 227 (42.8) | 0.4 |
| Physical activity | 0.049 | |||
| Low | 321 (25.9) | 199 (28.0) | 122 (23.0) | |
| Moderate | 398 (32.1) | 232 (32.7) | 166 (31.3) | |
| High | 521 (42.0) | 279 (39.3) | 242 (45.7) | |
| Alcohol consumption | 0.7 | |||
| Abstemious | 414 (33.4) | 233 (32.8) | 181 (34.2) | |
| Social drinking | 757 (61.0) | 440 (62.0) | 317 (59.8) | |
| Abusive drinking | 69 (5.6) | 37 (5.2) | 32 (6.0) | |
| Frequency of alcohol consumption | 0.7 | |||
| Abstemious | 414 (33.4) | 233 (32.8) | 181 (34.2) | |
| Monthly | 440 (35.5) | 249 (35.1) | 191 (36.0) | |
| Weekly | 386 (31.1) | 228 (32.1) | 158 (29.8) | |
| Binge drinking | 211 (17.0) | 117 (55.5) | 94 (44.5) | 0.7 |
| Abstemious | 414 (33.4) | 233 (32.8) | 181 (34.2) | |
| No | 616 (49.7) | 360 (50.7) | 255 (48.1) | |
| Yes | 210 (16.9) | 117 (16.5) | 94 (17.7) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m²) | 24.9 ± 4.4 | 24.8 ± 4.3 | 25.0 ± 4.7 | 0.4 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 121.8 ± 18.2 | 121.8 ± 17.7 | 121.8 ± 18.8 | 0.9 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 76.6 ± 11.4 | 76.0 ± 10.7 | 77.3 ± 12.3 | 0.06 |
| Hypertension | 241 (19.4) | 120 (16.9) | 121 (22.8) | 0.009 |
| Time since HIV infection (years) | 0.005 | |||
| ≥6.0 | 404 (32.6) | 250 (35.3) | 154 (29.1) | |
| 3.0–5.9 | 350 (28.2) | 176 (24.8) | 174 (32.8) | |
| <3.0 | 485 (39.1) | 283 (39.9) | 202 (38.1) | |
| HIV/HCV coinfection | 261 (22.2) | 143 (21.2) | 118 (23.5) | 0.3 |
| AIDS diagnosis | 892 (72.2) | 510 (72.0) | 382 (72.3) | 0.9 |
| Lifetime HAART use | 815 (65.7) | 467 (65.8) | 348 (65.7) | 0.9 |
| Lifetime protease inhibitor use | 468 (37.7) | 277 (39.0) | 191 (36.0) | 0.3 |
| CD4 (cell/mm3) | 0.08 | |||
| <350 | 476 (38.8) | 258 (36.7) | 218 (41.6) | |
| ≥350 | 751 (61.2) | 445 (63.3) | 306 (58.4) |
HAART: highly active antiretroviral therapy; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; SD: standard deviation.