. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Nov 6.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Prev Med. 2010 Mar;38(3):10.1016/j.amepre.2009.10.040. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2009.10.040

Table 3.

Fully adjusted associations (best-fit model) between neighbourhood, route and school variables and active travel

Characteristic	Cycle to school OR (95%CI)	Walk to school OR (95%CI)
Neighbourhood characteristics
Connected node ratio (low connectivity = referent) Road density (lowest density=referent)	0.96 (0.50-1.84)	0.49 (0.31-0.76)^**
Second quartile	1.39 (0.86- 2.27)	1.94 (1.33-2.82)^**
Third quartile	1.53 (0.90-2.54)	2.74 (1.85-4.07)^**
Highest density	1.31 (0.72-2.36)	3.22 (2.09-4.94)^**
Socioeconomic deprivation (least deprived=referent)
Second quartile	0.59 (0.35-0.97)^*	0.85 (0.59-1.22)
Third quartile	0.72 (0.43-1.20)	0.55 (0.37-0.81)^**
Most deprived	0.47 (0.26-0.85)^*	0.45 (0.29-0.70)^**
Route characteristics
Distance to school >1km (<1km =referent)	0.27 (0.18-0.39)^**	0.10 (0.06-0.11)^**
Route length ratio (low directness= referent)	0.62 (0.43-0.90)^*	0.47 (0.36-0.61)^**
Main road en route (no= referent)	0.50 (0.32-0.78)^**	0.65 (0.48-0.89)^**

=p<0.05

^**

=p<0.01

All associations are adjusted for child age, gender, BMI, parental car access, maternal travel mode to work and journey length