Table 3. Results of the multivariate analysis of influence of demographic, social and economic factors on the severity of depression symptoms in patients with diabetes.
| Dependent variable (predictor) | Un-adjusted model with demographical, social and economic predictors | Adjusted model with demographical, social and economic predictors* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (CI 95%) | p-value | OR (CI 95%) | p-value | |
| Education | ||||
| Elementary | 1 (reference) | - | 1 (reference) | - |
| Middle – no graduation | 0.78 (0.54-1.11) | 0.178 | 0.76 (0.52-1.09) | 0.141 |
| Middle - graduation | 0.51 (0.32-0.78) | <0.05 | 0.52 (0.33-0.81) | <0.05 |
| University | 0.76 (0.36-1.58) | 0.473 | 0.83 (0.39-1.75) | 0.632 |
| Income | ||||
| <500 | 1 (reference) 0.2358 | - | 1 (reference) | - |
| 500-800 | 0.79 (0.53-1.14) | 0.205 | 0.81 (0.56-1.17) | 0.252 |
| >800 | 0.6 (0.33-1.11) | 0.102 | 0.65 (0.34-1.21) | 0.176 |
| Perceived health status | ||||
| No at all serious | 1 (reference) | - | 1 (reference) | - |
| Somewhat serious | 3.43 (1.72-7.26) | <0.01 | 3.31 (1.66-7.04) | <0.01 |
| Serious | 3.87 (1.97-8.08) | <0.01 | 3.36 (1.69-7.12) | <0.01 |
| Very serious | 6.62 (3.18-14.61) | <0.001 | 5.33 (2.47-12.12) | <0.001 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 1 (reference) | - | 1 (reference) | - |
| Never married | 0.94 (0.47-1.86) | 0.881 | 0.79 (0.38-1.6) | 0.529 |
| Divorced | 1.21 (0.62-2.31) | 0.571 | 1.05 (0.53-2.06) | 0.878 |
| Widowed | 1.2 (0.83-1.74) | 0.327 | 1.13 (0.77-1.64) | 0.529 |
| Employment | ||||
| Employed | 1 (reference) | - | 1 (reference) | - |
| Unemployed | 4.52 (0.54-37.4) | 0.144 | 5.11 (0.64-46.2) | 0.127 |
| Retired | 1.58 (0.92-2.72) | 0.093 | 1.61 (0.92-2.81) | 0.095 |
| Age | 0.99 (0.98-1.01) | 0.531 | 0.99 (0.97-1.01) | 0.429 |
| Gender Female (vs. Male) | 1.16 (0.84-1.63) | 0.365 | 1.22 (0.87-1.71) | 0.251 |
*
Odds ratios (OR) adjusted for: number of years from diagnosis, number of comorbidities, presence of diabetes foot, presence of retinopathy, presence of insulin dependence