Table 5.

Impact of HSV-2 seropositivity on CD4 count ^a

Study	Population	N	HSV2 Ascertainment	Outcome: CD4 COUNT (in cells/mm 3 )
				Outcome	HSV2 pos	HSV2 neg	Difference	Effect b
Studies in acute HIV seroconverters
Cachay 2008	Male HIV seroconverters, USA	9	HSV2 seroconversion by WB	Change in CD4 after vs before HSV-2 sero-conversion over 779 days	−44 (range = −82,220)	Reference: Before seroconversion	p = 0.36	↔
Studies in chronic HIV infection
Crum-Cianflone 2006	USA	271	Serology: Focus	Change in CD4 at 1 year	−116	+14	−130, p=0.003	↓
		221		Change in CD4 at 3 years	−227	−85	−142, p = 0.03	↓
Roxby 2011	Postpartum women, Kenya	296	Serology: Focus	Rate of change in CD4 over mean 18 months	−4.22/month	−3.42/month	−0.8/month p = 0.57	↔

^aCI = confidence interval, IQR = interquartile range, NR = not reported, MSM = men who have sex with men, WB = Western Blot.

^bArrows show directions of association with HSV-2; ‘?’ denotes borderline statistical significance or clinically significant differences not meeting statistical significance.