Sp4 binds to the promoters of all 10 nucleus-encoded COX subunits as well as TFAM, TFB1M, and TFB2M in vivo. ChIP assays were done on mouse visual cortical tissue immunoprecipitated with anti-Sp4 antibodies (Sp4 lanes), anti-nerve growth factor receptor p75 antibodies (negative control, NGFR lanes), or no antibody (negative control, Blank). Input lanes indicate 0.5% of input chromatin without immunoprecipitation. NT3 promoter served as the positive control and β-actin (Actb) served as the negative control for Sp factors. Promoters of all 10 nucleus-encoded COX subunit, TFAM, TFB1M, and TFB2M were immunoprecipitated with anti-Sp4 antibodies and not with anti-NGRF or without exogenous antibodies.