Table 3. Socio-demographic and antenatal characteristics associated with stillbirths and neonatal deaths in rural Bangladesh – results of bivariable and multivariable regression analyses.

	Stillbirth (n = 44)				Neonatal death (n = 68)
	OR (95%CI)	Pa	aOR (95%CI)	Pb	OR (95%CI)	Pa	aOR (95%CI)	Pb
Socio-demographic characteristics of pregnant woman
Age	1.0 [1.0, 1.1]	0.47	-c		1.0 [1.0, 1.1]	0.06	-d
Literacy		0.17		0.30		0.05	-d
Cannot read at all	1.0 Reference				1.0 Reference
Can read part of a sentence	0.9 [0.4, 2.3]		1.0 [0.4, 2.5]		0.3 [0.1, 0.9]
Can read a complete sentence	0.5 [0.2, 1.1]		0.6 [0.3, 1.2]		0.7 [0.4, 1.2]
≥3 vs. <3 meals consumed per day (average over last 30 days)	2.4 [0.5, 10.7]	0.25	-c		0.4 [0.2, 0.9]	0.03	0.4 [0.2, 0.8]	0.01
Socioeconomic status		0.31	-c			0.86	-c
1st quintile (lowest)	1.0 Reference				1.0 Reference
2nd quintile	2.5 [0.9, 6.8]				0.7 [0.3, 1.7]
3rd quintile	1.2 [0.4, 3.8]				0.9 [0.4, 2.1]
4th quintile	1.4 [0.5, 4.0]				0.9 [0.4, 2.1]
5th quintile (highest)	0.9 [0.3, 2.9]				1.2 [0.5, 2.5]
Previous pregnancy outcomes		0.53	-c			0.12	-d
Primiparous	0.9 [0.4, 2.1]				1.1 [0.5, 2.1]
No prior adverse outcome	1.0 Reference				1.0 Reference
Stillbirth or neonatal/infant death	1.5 [0.7, 3.3]				1.9 [1.0, 3.5]
Antenatal care
Received antenatal care (%)	1.4 [0.7, 2.8]	0.28	-c		0.9 [0.5, 1.6]	0.76	-c
Consumed iron tablets/syrup (%)	1.0 [0.5, 2.0]	0.95	-c		0.6 [0.4, 1.1]	0.09	-d
History of bleeding during pregnancy (%)	22.4 [2.5, 197.5]	<0.01	22.4 [2.5, 197.5]	<0.01	17.0 [1.9, 154.5]	<0.01	19.6 [2.1, 178.8]	<0.01
Eclampsia (%)	2.7 [0.4, 17.0]	0.28	-c		4.1 [0.8, 21.1]	0.10	-d

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence intervals; aOR, adjusted odds ratio

^a P-value resulting from bivariable logistic regression

^b P-value resulting from multivariable logistic regression

^c Not included in multivariable model as bivariable p-value > 0.2

^d Excluded from final multivariable model as p-value > 0.05