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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Nov 9.
Published in final edited form as: Endocr Relat Cancer. 2008 Mar;15(1):10.1677/ERC-07-0168. doi: 10.1677/ERC-07-0168

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The TGF-β signaling pathway is regulated at multiple points by ubiquitin-mediated targeting and proteasomal degradation. Receptors, adaptor proteins, Smads, co-activator/co-repressor and DNA binding co-factors are targeted by E3 ubiquitin ligases for ubiquitination and degredation by the proteasome. These protein degredation pathways impart precise and specific control over the cellular response to TGF-β signaling.