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The TGF-β signaling pathway is regulated at multiple points by ubiquitin-mediated targeting and proteasomal degradation. Receptors, adaptor proteins, Smads, co-activator/co-repressor and DNA binding co-factors are targeted by E3 ubiquitin ligases for ubiquitination and degredation by the proteasome. These protein degredation pathways impart precise and specific control over the cellular response to TGF-β signaling.
