Ratio of the rotational alignment errors for a fast rotational alignment using 3D volumetric matching as described in this paper, and a fast rotational matching based on the alignment of 2D spherical images (see text for details) (Bartesaghi et al., 2008). Grey areas indicate subtomogram conditions where both methods fail to provide the correct alignment. Yellow areas indicate subtomogram conditions where 3D volumetric matching is able to provide a correct alignment while the 2D matching strategy fails.