Table 1.
| (Section I) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | Number of patients | Etiologies | Weaned from ECMO | in-Hospital survival | 30-day survival | CPC 1-2 | |
| Raithel et al(15) (1989) | 29 patients | CA during catheterization (10 pts), shock secondary to AMI (10 pts), high risk PTCA (4 pts), postcardiotomy failure (4 pts), hypothermia (1 ptt). | 6 /29 (20.6%) | 6 /29 (20.6%) | |||
| Reedy et al(16) (1990) | prospective | 38 pts; 35 pts successfully implanted | AMI (12 pts), ischemic disease (15 pts), end-stage cardiomyopathy (7 pts), congenital heart disease (3 pts), or postoperative cardiac transplant graft rejection (1 pt) | 24 pts (24/38, 63.1%) | 9 pts (24%) | ||
| Younger et al(27) (1994) | 25 patients (2 children) in 4 pts failure to cannulate | drowing (3 pts), AMI (9 pts), viral cardiomyopathy (2 pts) procedure complications (1 pt), pulmonary emobolism (9), aortic endocarditis (1 pt) | 9/25 (36%) | ||||
| Chen et al(28) (2003) | retrospective | 57 pts | post cardiotomy (14 pts), pumonary embolism (2 pt), AMI (3 pts), cardiomyopathy (14) | 38/57 (66.7%) | 18/57 (31.6%) | 16/57 (28%) | 15/57 (26%) |
| Schwarz et al(29) (2003) | 46 pts 4 cannulation failure 1 ECMO failure |
CS (25 ptsi) CA (21 pts) | 28/46 (61%) | 13/46 (28.2%) | 01/12/46 | ||
| (Section II) | |||||||
| Study design | Number of patients | Etiologies | Weaned from ECMO | in-Hospital survival | 30-day survival | CPC 1-2 | |
| Massetti et al(21) (2005) | 40 pts | AMI (16 pts), pulmonary embolism (3 pts) postcardiotomy (4 pts), cardiomypathy (4 pts), myocardial intoxication (4 pts)myocarditis (2 pts) arrhythmias (4 pts) | 6 pts (15%) 9 bridge to VAD 2 bridge to transplantation |
8 (8/40, 20%) | 8 (8/40, 20%) | 8 (8/40, 20%) | |
| Chen et al(25) (2006) | retrospective | 36 patients | AMI | Weaned 25 pts Withdrawn 6 wean-but-die 13 pts |
12 pts (33 %) | ||
| Megarbane et al(5) (2007) | prospective cohort study | 17 patients 3 ECMO failure |
toxic cardiac arrest (12 pts) non toxic cardiac arrest (5 pts) | 4 (4/17, 25%) | 4 (4/17, 25%) | 3 (3/17, 18%) | 3 (3/17, 18%) |
| Chen et al(18) (2008) | observational cohort study | 135 IHCA | ACS (66 pts), post cardiotomy (23 pts) cardiomyopathy (22 pts) myocarditis (12 pts) pulmonary embolism (5 pts), others (7 pts) | 79 (79/132) 58.5% | 46 (46/135, 34.1%) | ||
| Chen et al(19) (2008) | 3-year prospective study | 59 IHCA | ACS (37 pts), congestive heart failure (6 pts), myocarditis (5 pts) post-cardiotomy (7 pts), pulmonary embolism (1 pt), unspecified causes (3 pts) | 29 (29/59, 49%) | 17 (17/9, 28%) | 9 (15.3%) | |
| (Section III) | |||||||
| Study design | Number of patients | Etiologies | Weaned from ECMO | in-Hospital survival | 30-day survival | CPC 1-2 | |
| Thiagarajan et al(30) (2009) | prospective (ELSO registry) | 297 pts | cardiac origin (221 pts), non cardiac origin (76 pts) | 81 (81/297, 27%) | |||
| Nagao et al (2010)(31) | prospective | 171 | ACS (131 pts), cardiomypathy (8 pts), others (32 pts) | 33 (33/171, 19%) | 1-year 20 (11.7%) | ||
| Kagawa et al(9) (2010) | retrospective | 77 patients | 38 IHCA 39 OHCA |
IHCA:23 pts OHCA: 14 pts |
NA | IHCA: 13 (34%) OHCA: 5 (13%) |
IHCA: 10/38 (26%) OHCA:4/39 (10%) |
| Jaski et al(32) (2010) | prospective registry | 150 patients (127 for cardiac arrest, 23 refractory shock) | CA (127 pts) cardiogenic shock (23 pts) |
61 patients | 39 (26%) | ||
| Liu et al(20) (2011) | retrospective chart-review | 11 patients | AMI | 7 pts (63.6%) | 4 pts (36.4%) | NA | NA |
| Megarbane et al (2011)(23) | prospective cohort study | 66 pts 1 cannulation failure |
IHCA: 47 pts (71%) OHCA:19 pts (29%) |
4 (4/66, 6%) | NA | NA | |
| Le guen et al(12) (2011) | 51 OHCA patients 8 ECMO failure 1 cannulation failure 42 ECMO pts |
cardiac origin (44 pts), trauma (3 pts), drug overdose (2 pts), respiratory (1 pt), elettrocaution (1%). | 5 (5/42, 12%) | 2 pts (4%) | 2 pts (4%) | ||
| Morimura et al(11) (2011) | meta-analysis -indepth review | 139 OHCA | 59 pts (58.4%) | ||||
| Shin et al(24) (2011) | retrospective | 85 IHCA 3 cannulation failure 2 ECMO failure |
cardiac origin (79 pts), non cardiac origin (6 pts) | 29 pts (34%) | 24 (28%) | 24 (28%) | |
| Section IV | |||||||
| Study design | Number of patients | Etiologies | Weaned from ECMO | in-Hospital survival | 30-day survival | CPC 1-2 | |
| Avalli et al(17) (2012) | retrospective | 42 patients (24 pts IHCA; 18 pts OHCA) | IHCA: 14 (14/42, 33%) OHCA: 3 (7%) |
NA | IHCA: 10 OHCA: 1 |
IHCA:9 (37.5%) OHCA: 1 (5.5%) | |
| Kim et al(33) (2012) | retrospective | 27 pts | cardiogenic shock (27 pts); CA in 21 pts (77.8%) | 22 (81.5%) | 16 (59.3%) | 13 (48%) | 13 (48%) |
| Sakamoto et al(22) (2012) | single-center, retrospective study cohort | 98 patients | ACS: cardiogenic shock (28 pts, 28.6%), cardiac arrest (36, 36.7%) | 54 pts (55.1%) | 32 (32.7%) | NA | NA |
| Kagawa et al(34) (2012) | multicenter cohort study | 86 pts | ACS IHCA: 44 (51.1%) OHCA: 42 (48.9%) |
53 pt (50%) | 25 (25/88, 29%) | 21 (21/88, 24%) | |
ECMO: extracorporeal mebrane oxygenation; ACS: acute coronary syndrome; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; CA: cardiac arrest; IHCA: in-hospital cardiac arrest; OHCA: out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; CPC: cerebral performance categories.